Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging is capable of measuring structural features as well as the influence of processing, storage, and variations in formulation on the development of structural features. Strategies for measuring food structure using MRI and procedures for analyzing this information are presented here. MRI has the ability to measure certain structural features that cannot be measured by other experimental techniques, for example, the gas phase volume fraction as a function of position within a foam during formation of the foam (Philhofer 1992).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Abbott, J. R., Tetlow, N., Graham, A. L., Altobelli, S. A., & Fukushima, E. 1991. Experimental observation of particle migration in concentrated suspensions: Couette flow. J. of Rheology 35: 773–797.
Assink, R. A., Caprihan, A., & Fukushima, E. 1989. Density profiles of a draining foam by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. AIChE J. 34: 2077–2081.
Callaghan, P. T. 1984. Pulsed field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance as a probe of liquid state molecular organization. Australian J. Physics. 37: 359–387.
Callaghan, P. T., Jolley, K. W., & Humphrey, R. S. 1983. Diffusion of fat and water in cheese as studied by pulsed field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance. J. Colloid and Interface Science 93: 521–529.
Callaghan, P. T., MacGowan, D., Packer, K. J., & Zelaya, F. O. 1990. High-resolution q-space imaging in porous structures. J. Mag. Reson. 90: 177–182.
Carr, H. Y. & Purcell, E. M. 1954. Effects of diffusion on free precession in nuclear magnetic resonance experiments. Physical Review 94: 630–638.
Cheng, W. C., Luthra, N. P., & Pereira, C. J. 1990. Study of restricted diffusion in porous catalysts by NMR. AIChE J. 36: 559–568.
Cory, D. G., & Garroway, A. N. 1990. Measurement of translational displacement probabilities by NMR: An indicator of comparmentation. Mag. Reson. in Med. 14: 435–444.
Hahn, E. L. 1950. Spin echoes. Physical Review 80: 580–594.
Heil J. R., Özilgen, M., & McCarthy, M. J. 1993. Magnetic resonance imaging analysis of water migration and void formation in baking biscuits. AIChE Symposium Series, edited by G. Barbosa-Canosava and M. Okos, 297: 39–45.
Kärger, J., Pfeifer, H., & Heink, W. 1988. Principles and applications of self-diffusion measurements by nuclear magnetic resonance. In Advances in Magnetic Resonance, edited by J. S. Waugh. New York: Academic Press.
Kauten, R. J., Maneval, J. E., & McCarthy, M. J. 1991. Fast determination of spatially localized volume fractions in emulsions. J. of Food Science 56: 799–801, 847.
Klammler, F., & Kimmich, R. 1990. Volume-selective and spectroscopically resolved NMR investigation of diffusion and relaxation in fertilized hen eggs. Physics in Medicine and Biology 35: 67–79.
Kose, K., 1990. NMR imaging of turbulent structure in a transitional pipe flow. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 23: 981–983.
Majors, P. D., Ackley, J. L., Altobelli, S. A., Caprihan, A., & Fukushima, E. 1990. Eddy current compensation by direct field detection and digital gradient modification. J. Magn. Reson. 87: 548–553.
Maneval, J. E., McCarthy, M. J., & Whitaker, S. 1990. Use of nuclear magnetic resonance as an experimental probe in multiphase systems: Determination of the instrument weight function for measurements of liquid-phase volume fractions. Water Resources Research 26: 2807–2816.
McCarthy, K. L., Kauten, R. J., & Agemura, C. K. 1992. Application of NMR imaging to the study of velocity profiles during extrusion processing. Trends Fd Sci. and Tech. 3: 215–219.
McCarthy, K. L., Kauten, R. J., McCarthy, M. J., & Steffe, J. F. 1991. Flow profiles in a tube rheometer using magnetic resonance imaging. J. of Food Engineering 16: 117.
McCarthy, M. J. 1990. Interpretation of the magnetic resonance imaging signal from a foam. AIChE J 36: 287–290.
McCarthy, M. J., Maneval, J., & Powell, R. L. 1992. Structure/property measurements using magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging. In Advances in Food Engineering, edited by R. P. Singh and A. Wirakartakamasuma. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Packer, K. J., & Rees, C. 1972. Pulsed NMR studies of restricted diffusion. I. Droplet size distributions in emulsions. J. Colloidal and Interface Science. 40: 206–218.
Packer, K. J., & Zelaya, F. O. 1989. Observation of diffusion of fluids in porous solids by pulsed field gradient NMR. Colloids and Surfaces 36: 221–227.
Philhofer, G. Master Thesis, University of California, Davis 1992.
Powell, R. L., Seymour, J., McCarthy, M. J., & McCarthy, K. 1992. Magnetic resonance imaging as a tool for rheological investigation. In Theoretical and Applied Rheology: Proceedings of the XIth International Congress on Rheology, edited by Paula Moldenaers and Roland Keunings, 946–948. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers.
Sinton, S. W., & Chow, A. W. 1991. NMR flow imaging of fluids and solid suspensions in poiseuille flow, J. Rheology 35: 735–772.
Stejskal, E. O. 1965. Use of spin echoes in a pulsed magnetic-field gradient to study anisotropic, restricted diffusion and flow. J. of Chemical Physics. 42: 288–292.
Stejskal, E. O., & Tanner, J. E. 1965. Spin diffusion measurements: Spin echoes in the presence of a time-dependent field gradient. J. Chemical Physics. 43: 3597–3603.
Stilbs, P. 1987. Fourier transform pulsed-field gradient spin echo studies of molecular diffusion. Progress in NMR Spectroscopy 19: 1–45.
Tanner, J. E., & Stejskal, E. O. 1968. Restricted self-diffusion of protons in colloidal systems by the pulsed-gradient spin-echo method. J. of Chemical Physics 49: 1768–1777.
Taylor, D. G., & Bushell, M. C. 1985. The spatial mapping of translational diffusion coefficients by the NMR imaging technique. Physics in Medicine and Biology 30: 345–349.
Tumey, M. 1990. Masters Thesis Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis.
Xia, Y., & Callaghan, P. T. 1990. The measurement of diffusion and flow of polymer solutions using dynamic NMR microscopy. Makromolecular Chemie Macromolecular Symposium 34: 277–286.
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1994 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
McCarthy, M.J. (1994). Measurement of Food Structure and Component Functionality. In: Magnetic Resonance Imaging In Foods. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2075-7_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2075-7_3
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-5862-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-2075-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive