Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Seismic Response and Design Spectra

  • Chapter
International Handbook of Earthquake Engineering

Abstract

Response spectrum analysis is the dominant contemporary method for dynamic analysis of building structures under seismic loading. The main reasons for the widespread use of this method are: its relative simplicity, its inherent conservatism, and its applicability to elastic analysis of complex systems. In this chapter the concept of response spectrum is introduced and it is differentiated from the closely related but different concept of design spectrum. Spectral entities and their “pseudo” counterparts such as spectral acceleration and spectral pseudo-acceleration are defined in Section 2.2. Response spectra and the common tripartite representation are introduced in Section 2.3. The concept of design spectra and several techniques for construction of elastic design spectra are presented in Sections 2.4 and 2.5. The influence of local soil conditions is treated in Section 2.6 and corresponding methods for the construction of spectra are presented in Sections 2.7 and 2.8. Section 2.9 introduces recent advances in the construction of response spectra using predictive attenuation relationships.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Anderson, J.C., and Naeim, F. (1984) “Design Criteria and Ground Motion Effectson Seismic Response of Multistory Buildings.” In Critical Aspects of Earthquake Ground Motion and Building Damage Potential, ATC-10-1. Applied Technology Council, San Francisco, CA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, J. C., and Bertero, V. V. (1987) “Uncertainties in Establishing Design Earthquakes.” J. of Structural Engineering, ASCE 113(8): 1709–1724.

    Google Scholar 

  • ATC (Applied Technology Council) (1974) An Evaluation of A Response Spectrum Approach to Seismic Design of Buildings, ATC-2. Applied Technology Council, San Francisco, CA.

    Google Scholar 

  • ATC (Applied Technology Council) (1978) Tentative Provisions for the Development of Seismic Regulations for Buildings, ATC-3-06. National Bureau of Standards, Spec. Publ. 510.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bertero, V. V.; Anderson, J. C.; Krawinkler, H.; and Miranda, E. (1991) Design guidelines for ductility and drift limits: Review of state-of-the-practice and of-the-art on ductility and drift-based earthquake-resistant design of buildings. A Cure-Kajima Research Report, Berkeley, CA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blume, J. A.; Newmark, N. M.; and Corning, L. H. (1961) Design of Multistory Reinforced Concrete Buildings for Earthquake Motions. Portland Cement Association, Skokie, IL.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crouse, C. B. (1987) Written communication referred to in Joyner and Boore (1988).

    Google Scholar 

  • Crouse, C. B.; Vyes, Y.K.; and Schell, B. A. (1988) “Ground Motions from Subduction-zone Earthquakes.” Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 78: 1–25.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dunbar, W. S., and Charlwood, R. G. (1991) “Empirical Methods for the Prediction of Response Spectra.” Earthquake Spectra. Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, 7(3), pp. 333–353. Oakland, CA.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elghadamsi,F., and Mohraz, B. (1987) “Inelastic Earthquake Spectra.” J. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics 15: 91–104.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency) (1988) NEHRP Recommended Provisions for the Development of Seismic Regulations for Buildings, FEMA-97. Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gupta, A. K. (1990) Response Spectrum Method in Seismic Analysis and Design of Structures. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Boston, MA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hall, W. J.; Mohraz, B.; and Newmark, N. M. (1975) Statistical Studies of Vertical and Horizontal Earthquake Spectra. Nathan M. Newmark Consulting Engineering Services, Urbana, IL.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayashi, S.; Tsuchida, H.; and Kurata, E. (1971) “Average Response Spectra for Various Subsoil Conditions.” Third Joint Meeting, U.S.-Japan Panel on Wind and Seismic Effects, UJNR, Tokyo, Japan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Housner, G. W. (1959) “Behavior of Structures During Earthquakes.” J. Eng. Mech. Div., ASCE 85(EM4): 109–129.

    Google Scholar 

  • Housner, G. W. (1970) “Design Spectrum.” Chapter 5 in Earthquake Engineering, ed. R. L. Wiegel, 93–106. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hudson, D.E. (1979) Reading and Interpreting Strong Motion Accelerograms. Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, Berkeley, CA.

    Google Scholar 

  • ICBO (International Conference of Building Officials) (1988, 1991) Uniform Building Code. Whittier, CA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Idriss, I.M. (1985) “Evaluating Seismic Risk in Engineering Practice.” Proc. 11th International Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering 1, 255–320. August 12–16, 1985, San Francisco, CA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Idriss, I.M. (1987) “Earthquake Ground Motions.” Lecture Notes, Course on Strong Ground Motion, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, Pasadena, CA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Joyner, W.B., and Boore, DM (1988) “Measurement, Characterization, and Prediction of Strong Ground Motion.” In Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics, II, J. L. Von Thun, ed. ASCE Geotechnical Special Publication No. 20, 43–102. Park City, UT.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kawashima, KK.; Aizawa K.; and TK (1984) “Attenuation of Peak Ground Motion and Absolute Acceleration Response Spectra.” Proceedings of 8th World Conf. on Earthquake Engineering. 2, 257–264. San Francisco, CA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuribayashi, E.; Iwasaki, T.; Iida, Y.; and Tuji, K. (1972) “Effects of Seismic and Subsoil Conditions on Earthquake Response Spectra.” 499–512. Proceedings of International Conference on Microzonation, Seattle, WA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lai, S.P., and Biggs, JM (1980) “Inelastic Response Spectra for Aseismic Building Design.” J. Structural Div., ASCE 106(ST6): 1295–1310.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mahin, S.A., and Bertero, V.V. (1981) “An Evaluation of Inelastic Seismic Response Spectra.” J. Structural Div., ASCE 107(ST9): 1777–1795.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mohraz, B. (1976) “A Study of Earthquake Response Spectra for Different Geological Conditions.” Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 66: 915–935.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mohraz, B., and Elghadamsi, F (1989) “Earthquake Ground Motion and Response Spectra.” Chapter 2 of The Seismic Design Handbook, F. Naeim, ed., Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, NY.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mohraz, B.; Hall, W.J.; and Newmark, N.M. (1972) A Study of Vertical and Horizontal Earthquake Spectra. AEC Report WASH-1255. Nathan M. Newmark Consulting Engineering Services, Urbana, IL.

    Google Scholar 

  • Naeim, Farzad, ed. (1989) The Seismic Design Handbook. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, NY.

    Google Scholar 

  • Naeim, F., and Lew, M. (1991) “Scaling Design Spectra and Seismic Safety of Tall Buildings in Greater Los Angeles.” Proceedings of the Second Conference on Tall Buildings in Seismic Regions, Organized by Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat and Los Angeles Tall Buildings Structural Design Council, Los Angeles, CA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Newmark, N.M., and Hall, W.J. (1973) Procedures and Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design. Building Practices for Disaster Mitigation. Building Sciences Series 46, 1, 209–236. National Bureau of Standards, Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  • Newmark, N.M., and Hall, W.J. (1982) Earthquake Spectra and Design. Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, Berkeley, CA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Newmark, N.M., and Riddell, R (1980) “Inelastic Spectra for Seismic Design.” Proc. 7th World Conf. on Earthquake Engineering. 4, 129–136. Istanbul, Turkey.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paz, Mario (1991) Structural Dynamics: Theory and Computation. 3d ed. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, NY.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Peng, M.H.; Elghadamsi, F.; and Mohraz, B. (1989) “A Simplified Procedure for Constructing Probabilistic Response Spectra.” Earthquake Spectra. Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, 5(2), Oakland, CA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Riddell, R., and Newmark, N.M. (1979) Statistical Analysis of the Response of Nonlinear Systems Subjected to Earthquakes. Civil Engineering Studies, Structural Research Series, 468. Dept. of Civil Eng., Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sadigh, K. (1987) Written communication referred to in Joyner and Boore (1988).

    Google Scholar 

  • SEAOC (Structural Engineers Association of California) (1990) Recommended Lateral Force Requirements and Commentary. Seismology Committee, Sacramento, CA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seed, H.B., and Idriss, I.M. (1982) Ground Motions and Soil Liquefaction During Earthquakes. Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, Berkeley, CA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seed, H.B.; Ugas, C.; and Lysmer, J. (1976) “Site-dependent Spectra for Earthquake Resistant Design.” Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 66: 221–243.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Farzad Naeim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Mario Paz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Civil Engineering Department Speed Scientific School, University of Louisville, 40292, Louisville, KY, USA

    Mario Paz Ph.D. (Professor of Civil Engineering) (Professor of Civil Engineering)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1994 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Naeim, F., Paz, M. (1994). Seismic Response and Design Spectra. In: Paz, M. (eds) International Handbook of Earthquake Engineering. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2069-6_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2069-6_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-5859-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-2069-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation