Abstract
The human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are a large family of related DNA viruses. They are the etiologic agents of benign lesions (warts or papillomas) of the skin, genitalia, and respiratory tract, as well as some malignancies [for reviews see 1,2]. These viruses are very similar to the papillomaviruses that cause warts in other vertebrates, ranging from birds to cattle. All of the papillomaviruses have a similar genetic structure. The double-stranded circular DNA is approximately 8000 base pairs long. In benign lesions it exists as multiple copies of separate episomes or mini-chromosomes, not integrated into the cellular chromosomes. In malignant lesions, the viral DNA is frequently, but not always, integrated into the host DNA. In infectious viral particles, the DNA is packaged inside two viral coat proteins. The virus does not contain a lipid envelope. Lack of an envelope means that these viruses are resistant to drying and cannot be inactivated with alcohol or other solvents.
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Steinberg, B.M. (1995). Role of human papillomaviruses in benign and malignant lesions. In: Hong, W.K., Weber, R.S. (eds) Head and Neck Cancer. Cancer Treatment and Research, vol 74. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2023-8_1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2023-8_1
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