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Characteristics of Intraspinal Grafts and Locomotor Function after Spinal Cord Injury

  • Chapter
Neural Cell Specification

Part of the book series: Altschul Symposia Series ((ALSS,volume 3))

Abstract

It is well established that fetal neural tissue placed into acute lesions in both the newborn and adult rat spinal cord undergoes extensive differentiation and survives for extended periods (Bregman and Reier, 1986; Das, 1983a; Gelderd and Quarles, 1990; Himes et al., 1994; Jakeman and Reier, 1989; Nornes et al., 1983; Nothias and Pechanski, 1990; Nygren et al., 1977; Patel and Bernstein, 1983; Privat et al., 1986, Privat et al., 1989; Reier et al., 1986; Sieradzan and Vrbova, 1989). Projections from long-tract and segmental host systems, as well as neurons in the fetal graft, grow across the host-graft interface (Bernstein-Goral and Bregman, 1993; Björklund et al., 1986; Bregman, 1987; Foster et al., 1985; Itoh et al., 1993; Itoh and Tessler, 1989, Itoh et al., 1990; Jakeman and Reier, 1987a,Jakeman and Reier, 1987b, Jakeman and Reier, 1989, Jakeman and Reier, 1991; Nothias and Pechanski, 1990; Privat et al., 1986; Reier et al., 1986; Tessler et al., 1988). In adult animals, long-tract host systems that grow into the graft for short distances (Reier et al., 1986) in combination with axons from the graft that project into host motoneuron pools (Jakeman and Reier, 1991) may provide the anatomical basis for a functional relay between the host and graft. The active participation of the graft in relaying neuronal information is only one of several potential mechanisms by which fetal grafts may affect function. Grafts may also enhance function by supplying depleted transmitters (Björklund et al., 1986; Buchanan and Nornes, 1986; Foster et al., 1989; Privat et al., 1989), by providing trophic support (Arenas and Persson, 1994; Bregman, 1988; Bregman and Reier, 1986; Himes et al., 1994), by promoting sprouting (Schnell et al., 1994) or by myelinating demyelinated axons (Rosenbluth et al., 1990).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, 32610, USA

    Douglas K. Anderson, Dena R. Howland & Paul J. Reier

  2. Gainesville Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, Florida, 32608, USA

    Douglas K. Anderson

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  1. Douglas K. Anderson
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  2. Dena R. Howland
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  1. University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada

    J. Ronald Doucette

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Anderson, D.K., Howland, D.R., Reier, P.J. (1995). Characteristics of Intraspinal Grafts and Locomotor Function after Spinal Cord Injury. In: Juurlink, B.H.J., Krone, P.H., Kulyk, W.M., Verge, V.M.K., Doucette, J.R. (eds) Neural Cell Specification. Altschul Symposia Series, vol 3. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1929-4_21

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