Abstract
Macromonomers are linear macromolecules carrying some polymerizable functional groups at their chain ends; the polymerizable functional groups can be at one chain end or at both chain ends1–12. Macromonomers are macromolecular monomers, often referred to as “Macromers®”1. The important feature of macromonomers is that they can undergo copolymerization with other monomers by a variety of mechanisms to form comb-type, graft copolymers13,14 as shown in Scheme 1. This aspect of macromonomers distinguishes them from telechelic (α,ω-difunctional) polymers5,8; telechelic polymers undergo step-growth type chain extension reactions with other monomers to form linear macromolecules, not branched structures. The polymerizable functional group at the chain end of a macromonomer is often a vinyl group, 1, but it can also be a heterocyclic ring such as an oxirane (epoxide) functionality, 2. These functional groups participate in chain reaction polymerizations with other vinyl or heterocyclic monomers, respectively. A condensation-type macromonomer has two functional groups at one chain end (3) which can participate in step-growth (condensation) polymerization with other difunctional monomers; for example, the functional group, X, could be hydroxyl, amino, carboxyl or isocyanate5,9.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
“Macromer®” is a trademark of CPC International Inc. R.Milkovich and M.T. Chiang, U.S. Patent 3, 786, 116(1974)
R. Milkovich in Anionic Polymerization. Kinetics and Mechanism, J.E.McGrath, Ed., ACS Symposium Ser. No. 166, American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., 1981, p 41
G. O. Schulz and R. Milkovich, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 27, 4773(1982)
G. O. Schulz and R. Milkovich, J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Chem. Ed., 22, 1633(1984)
P.F. Rempp and E. Franta, Adv. Polym. Sci., 58, 1(1984)
P. Rempp, P. Lutz, P. Masson and E. Franta, Macromol. Chem., Suppl., 8, 3(1984)
P. Rempp, P. Lutz, P. Masson, P. Chaumont and E. Franta, Macromol. Chem., Suppl.,13, 47(1985)
P. Rempp, E. Franta, P. Masson and P. Lutz, Progr. Colloid & Polym. Sci., 72, 112(1986)
Y. Kawakami in Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, J.I. Kroschwitz, Ed., Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1987, Vol.9, p.195
V. Percec, C. Pugh, O. Nuyken and S. D. Pask in Comprehensive Polymer Science,Vol. 6, Polymer Reactions, G. C. Eastmond, A. Ledwith, S. Russo and P. Sigwalt, Eds., Pergamon Press, Elmsford, New York, 1989, p.281
Y. Gnanou, Ind. J. Technol., 31, 317(1993)
Macromolecular Design: Concept and Practice, M. K. Mishra, Ed., Polymer Frontiers International, Inc., Hopewell Jct., New York, 1994.
“Basic Definitions of Terms Relating to Polymers”, Pure Appl. Chem., 40, 482(1974)
P. Dreyfuss and R. P. Quirk in Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, J. I. Kroschwitz, Ed., Wiley, New York, Vol. 7, 1986, p.551
G. Riess and G. Hurtrez in Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, J. I. Kroschwitz, Ed., Wiley, New York, Vol. 2, 1985, p.324
G. Holden, E. T. Bishop and N. R. Legge, J. Polym. Sci., C 26, 37(1969)
R. P. Quirk and J. Kim, Rubber Chem. Technol., 64, 450(1991)
M. Morton, Anionic Polymerization: Principles and Practice, Academic Press, New York, 1982
S. Bywater in Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, J. I. Kroschwitz, Ed., Wiley, New York, Vol. 2, 1985, p.1
P. Rempp and E. Franta in Recent Advances in Anionic Polymerization, T. E. Hogen-Esch and J. Smid, Ed., Elsevier, New York,1987,p.353.
P. J. Flory, Principles of Polymer Chemistry, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, 1953, p.338
J. F. Henderson and M. Szwarc, J. Polym. Sci., Macromol. Rev., 3, 317(1968)
S. Bywater and D. J. Worsfold, J. Organometal. Chem., 10, 1(1967)
R. P. Quirk and J. Kim in Ring-Opening Polymerization, D. J. Brunelle, Ed., Hanser, New York, 1993, p.263
R. N. Young, R. P. Quirk and L. J. Fetters, Adv. Polym. Sci., 56, 1(1984)
R. P. Quirk in Comprehensive Polymer Science, First Supplement, S. L. Aggarwal and S. Russo, Eds., Pergamon Press,Oxford,UK,1992,p.83
R. P. Quirk and J. Kuang, Macromol. Symp., 85, 267(1994)
R. P. Quirk and Y. Wang, Polym. Int., 31, 51 (1993)
R. P. Quirk and T. Yoo, Polvm. Bull., 31, 29(1993)
J. Roovers and P.M. Toporowski, Macromolecules, 14, 1174(1981)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1995 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Quirk, R.P., Zhuo, Q., Tsai, Y., Yoo, T., Wang, Y. (1995). Anionic Synthesis of Macromonomers and Graft Copolymers with Well-Defined Structures. In: Mishra, M.K., Nuyken, O., Kobayashi, S., Yağci, Y., Sar, B. (eds) Macromolecular Engineering. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1905-8_16
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1905-8_16
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-5778-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-1905-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive