Abstract
Highly purified subunit vaccines are available for use worldwide. These vaccines are both safe and effective in adult and infant populations. Examples include vaccines against hepatitis B (Emini et al., 1986; Andre and Safary, 1988), viral influenza (see Recommendations of the ACIP, 1993), and bacterial pathogens such as acellular Bordetella pertussis formulated in combination with purified toxoids that are effective against diphtheria and tetanus (Kallings et al., 1988; Storsaeter and Olin, 1992). Clinical trials are also ongoing to investigate the safety and efficacy of recombinant protein antigens from the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) (Koff and Hoth, 1988; Wintsh et al., 1991), pertussis toxoid (Burnette, 1992; Nencioni et al., 1990), and malaria (Gordon, 1993; Fries et al., 1992; Richards et al., 1988). A common thread in the composition of many of these subunit vaccines is the inclusion of an adjuvant.
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Pietrobon, P.J.F. (1995). Liposome Design and Vaccine Development. In: Powell, M.F., Newman, M.J. (eds) Vaccine Design. Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, vol 6. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1823-5_14
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