Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Regulatory Mechanisms in Insect Feeding pp 345–363Cite as

Stimulation of Feeding: Insect Control Agents

  • Chapter

Abstract

There is an increased public and government interest in means of managing populations of pest insects with reduced amounts of insecticides in order to limit the impact on the environment and human health. In the past decade the search for commercial alternatives to the “classic chemical” insecticides has received new impetus. Established agricultural product companies, such as Ciba-Geigy, Sandoz and Abbott, and those formed during the 1980s, such as Ecogen (includes former Scentry), Mycogen, Entotech, Biosys (includes former AgriSense), are competing in this market. The “alternative” pest control materials include naturally occurring chemicals such as pheromones and plant chemicals and various insect disease organisms such as bacteria, nematodes, viruses, fungi, and protozoa (Ghassemi et al., 1983). All of these materials are used in what can be considered a biorational approach to pest control. Because some of the biopesticides such as bacteria and virusses do not act by contact but have to be ingested by the insect pest, the development of feeding stimulants to increase the uptake of the biopesticide by the pest has received new attention. Frequently, literature on materials that stimulate feeding on insecticides has not distinguished between food attractants and contact feeding stimulants, whereas nonpolar materials in principle can have both functions. The word “bait” is also used. This term includes either of the above mainly because the materials used are chemically not well-defined. In addition, a bait implies the presence of “a poisonous material.”

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Allen, G. E., and Pate, T. L. (1966). The potential role of a feeding stimulant used in combination with the nuclear polyhedrosis virus of Heliothis. J. Invert. Pathol. 8, 129–131.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Appel, A. G. (1990). Laboratory and field performance of consumer bait products for German cockroach (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae) control. J. Econ. Entomol. 83, 53–59.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barson, G. (1982). Laboratory evaluation of boric acid plus porridge oats and iodofenphos gel as toxic baits against the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.) (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae). Bull. Entomol. Res. 72, 229–237.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bartelt, R. J., McGuire, M. R., and Black, D. A. (1990). Feeding stimulants for the European corn borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae): additives to a starch-based formulation for Bacillus thuringiensis. Environ. Entomol. 19, 182–189.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bell, M. R., and Kanavel, R. F. (1975). Potential bait formulations to increase effectiveness of nuclear polyhedrosis virus against the pink bollworm. J. Econ. Entomol. 68, 389–391.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bell, M. R., and Kanavel, R. F. (1977). Field tests of a nuclear polyhedrosis virus in a bait formulation for control of pink bollworms and Heliothis spp. on cotton in Arizona. J. Econ. Entomol. 70, 625–628.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bell, M. R., and Kanavel, R. F. (1978). Tobacco budworm: development of a spray adjuvant to increase effectiveness of a nuclear polyhedrosis virus. J. Econ. Entomol. 71, 350–352.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bell, M. R., and Romine, C. L. (1980). Tobacco budworm field evaluation of microbial control in cotton using Bacillus thuringiensis and nuclear polyhedrosis virus with a feeding adjuvant. J. Econ. Entomol. 73, 427–430.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blaney, W. M, Simmonds, M. S. J., Evans, S. V., and Fellows, L. E. (1984). The role of the secondary plant compound 2,5-dihydroxymethyl–3,4-dihydroxypyrrolidine as a feeding inhibitor for insects. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 36, 209–216.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blaney, W. M., Simmonds, M. S. J., Ley, S. V., and Jones, P. S. (1988). Insect antifeedants: a behavioural and electrophysiological investigation of natural and synthetically derived clerodane diterpenoids. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 46, 267–274.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blom, F. (1978). Sensory activity and food intake: a study of input-output relationships in two phytophagous insects. Netherlands J. Zool. 28, 277–340.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bryant, J. E., and Yendol, W. G. (1988). Evaluation of the influence of droplet size and density of Bacillus thuringiensis against gypsy moth larvae (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 81, 130–134.

    Google Scholar 

  • Capinera, J. L., and Hibbard, B. E. (1987). Bait formulations of chemical and microbial insecticides for the suppression of crop-feeding grasshoppers. J. Agric. Entomol. 4, 337–344.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chapple, A. C. (1993). Dose transfer of Bacillus thuringiensis to the Diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) via cabbage: a synthesis. Ph.D. dissertation, Ohio State University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dethier, V. G. (1973). Electrophysiological studies of gustation in lepidopterous larvae. II. Taste spectra in relation to food-plant discrimination. J. Comp. Physiol. 82, 103–134.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dethier, V. G. (1980). Food-aversion learning in two polyphagous caterpillars, Diacrisia virginica and Estigmene congrua. Physiol. Entomol. 5, 321–325.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dethier, V. G., and Kuch, J. H. (1971). Electrophysiological studies of gustation in lepidopterous larvae. I. Comparative sensitivity to sugars, amino acids, and glycosides. Z. Vergl. Physiol. 72, 343–363.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dethier, V. G., and Yost, M. T. (1979). Oligophagy and absence of food-aversion learning in tobacco hornworms, Manduca sexta. Physiol. Entomol. 4, 125–130.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dunkle, R. L., and Shasha, B. S. (1988). Starch-encapsulated Bacillus thuringiensis: a potential new method for increasing environmental stability of entomopathogens. Environ. Entomol. 17, 120–126.

    Google Scholar 

  • Durant, J. A. (1984). Cotton insect pests: field evaluation of selected insecticide treatments. J. Agric. Entomol. 1, 201–211.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • El-Nockrashy, A. S., Salama, H. S., and Tana, F. (1986). Influence of bait formulations on the effectiveness of Bacillus thuringiensis against Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd) (Lep., Noctuidae). J. Appl. Entomol. 101, 381–389.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Farrar, R. R., Jr., and Ridgway, R. L. (1994). Comparative studies of the effects of nutrient-based phagostimulants on six lepidopterous insect pests. J. Econ. Entomol. 87, 44–52.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frazier, J. L. (1986). The perception of plant allelochemicals that inhibit feeding. In: Brattsten, L. B., and Ahmad, S. (eds.), Molecular Aspects of Insect-Plant Associations. Plenum Press, New York, pp. 1–42.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Frazier, J. L. (1992). How animals perceive secondary plant compounds. In: Rosenthal, G. A., Berenbaum, M. R. (eds.), Herbivores: Their Interaction with Secondary Plant Metabolites, vol. 2. Academic Press, San Diego, pp. 89–134.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ghassemi, M., Painter, P., Painter, P., Quinlivan, S., and Dellarco, M. (1983). Bacillus thuringiensis, nucleopolyhedrosis virus, and pheromones: environmental considerations and uncertainties in large scale insect control. Environ. Int. 9, 39–49.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gholson, L. E., and Showers, W. B. (1979). Feeding behavior of black cutworms on seedling corn and organic baits in the greenhouse. Environ. Entomol. 8, 552–557.

    Google Scholar 

  • Giles, D. P., and Rothwell, D. N. (1983). The sub-lethal activity of amidines on insects and acarids. Pesticide Sci. 14, 303–312.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gist, G. L., and Pless, C. D. (1985). Feeding deterrent effects of synthetic pyrethroids on the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. Florida Entomol. 68, 456-461.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gothilf, S., and Beck, S. D. (1967). Larval feeding behaviour of the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni. J. Insect Physiol. 13, 1039–1053.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gould, F. (1991). Arthropod behavior and the efficacy of plant protectants. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 36, 305–330.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gould, F., and Anderson, A. (1991). Effects of Bacillus thuringiensis and HD-73 delta-endotoxin on growth, behaviour, and fitness of susceptible and toxin-adapted strains of Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Environ. Entomol. 20, 30–38.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gould, F., Anderson, A., Landis, D., and Van Mellaert, H. (1991). Feeding behavior and growth of Heliothis virescens larvae on diets containing Bacillus thuringiensis formulations or endotoxins. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 58, 199–210.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guerra, A. A., and Shaver, T. N. (1969). Feeding stimulants from plants for larvae of the tobacco budworm and boll worm. J. Econ. Entomol. 62, 98–100.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hall, F. R., Adams, A. J., and Hoy, C. W. (1989). Correlation of precisely defined spray deposit parameters with biological responses of resistant diamond moth (DBM) field populations. Aspects Appl. Biol. 21, 125–127.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haynes, K. F. (1988). Sublethal effects of neurotoxic insecticides on insect behavior. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 33, 149–168.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hoy, C. W., McCulloch, C. E., Shoemaker, C. A., Shelton, A. M. (1989). Transition probabilities for Trichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae on cabbage as a function of microclimate. Environ. Entomol. 18, 187–194.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoy, CH., Adams, A. J., and Hall, F. R. (1990a). Behavioral response of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) populations to permethrin deposits. J. Econ. Entomol. 83, 1216–1221.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hoy, C. H., McCulloch, C. E., Sawyer, A. J., Shelton, A. M., and Shoemaker, C. A. (1990b). Effect of intraplant insect movement on economic thresholds. Environ. Entomol. 19, 1578–1596.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hsiao, T. H. (1969). Adenine and related substances as potent feeding stimulants for the alfalfa weevil, Hypera positica. J. Insect Physiol. 15, 1785–1790.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ignoffo, C. M., Hostetter, D. L., and Smith, D. B. (1976). Gustatory stimulant, sunlight protection, evaporation retardant: three characteristics of a microbial insecticidal stimulant. J. Econ. Entomol. 69, 207–210.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, D. R. (1982). Suppression of Heliothis spp. on cotton by using Bacillus thuringiensis, Baculovirus heliothis and two feeding adjuvants. J. Econ. Entomol. 75, 207–210.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kepner, R. L., and Yu, S. J. (1987). Development of a toxic bait for control of mole crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 80, 659–665.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lampert, E. P., and Southern, P. S. (1987). Evaluation of pesticide application methods for control of tobacco budworms (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on flue-cured tobacco. J. Econ. Entomol. 80, 961–967.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lance, D. R., and Sutter, G. R. (1990). Field-cage and laboratory evaluations of semio-chemical-based baits for managing western corn rootworm (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 83, 1085–1090.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lockwood, J. A., Sparks, T. C, and Story, R. N. (1984). Evolution of insect resistance to insecticides: a re-evaluation of the roles of physiology and behavior. Bull. Entomol. Soc. Am. 30, 41–51.

    Google Scholar 

  • Luttrell, R. G., Yearian, W. C, and Young, S. Y. (1983). Effects of spray adjuvants on Heliothis zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) nuclear-polyhedrosis virus efficacy. J. Econ. Entomol. 76, 162–167.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lutwama, J. J., and Matanmi, B. A. (1988). Efficacy of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Kurstaki and Baculovirus heliothis foliar applications for suppression of Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) (Noctuidae) and other lepidopterous larvae on tomato in southwestern Nigeria. Bull. Entomol. Res. 78, 173–179.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ma, W. C. (1972). Dynamics of feeding responses in Pieris brassicae Linn as a function of chemosensory input: a behavioural, ultrastructural and electrophysiological study. Meded. Landbouwhogesch. Wageningen 72–11.

    Google Scholar 

  • McGuire, M. R., and Shasha, B. S. (1990). Sprayable self-encapsulating starch formulations for Bacillus thuringiensis. J. Econ. Entomol. 83, 1813–1817.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McGuire, M. R., Street, D. A., and Shasha, B. S. (1991). Evaluation of starch encapsulation for formulation of grasshopper (Orthoptera, Acrididae) entomopoxviruses. J. Econ. Entomol. 84, 1652–1656.

    Google Scholar 

  • McKibben, G. H., Smith, J. W., and McGovern, W. L. (1990). Design of an attract-and-kill device for the boll weevil (Coleoptera, Curculionidae). J. Entomol. Sci. 25, 581–586.

    Google Scholar 

  • McLaughlin, R. E., Andrews, G., and Bell, M. R. (1971). Field tests for control of Heliothis spp. with a nuclear-polyhedrosis virus included in a boll weevil bait. J. Invert. Pathol. 18, 304–305.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Meisner, J., Ascher, K. R. S., and Eizick, C. (1984). Effect of the commercial phagostimulants Coax and Gustol on the toxicity of cypermethrin and deltamethrin against Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 17, 1123–1126.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meisner, J., Hadar, D., Wysoki, M., and Harpaz, I. (1990). Phagostimulants enhancing the efficacy of Bacillus thuringiensis formulations against the giant looper, Boarmia (Ascotis) selenaria, in avocado. Phytoparasitica 18, 107–112.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Metcalf, R. L., Metcalf, R. A., Rhodes, A. M. (1980). Cucurbitacins as kairomones for diabroticite beetles. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 77, 3769–3772.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Metcalf, R. L., Ferguson, J. E., Lampman, R., and Andersen, J. F. (1987). Dry cucurbit-acin-containing baits for controlling Diabroticite beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 80, 870–875.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell, B. K. (1974). Behavioural and electrophysiological investigations on the response of larvae of the colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) to amino acids. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 17, 255–264.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Montoya, E. L., Ignoffo, C. M., and McGarr, R. L. (1966). A feeding stimulant to increase effectiveness of, and a field test with, nuclear-polyhedrosis virus of Heliothis. J. Invert. Pathol. 8, 320–324.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moriarty, F. (1969). The sublethal effects of synthetic insecticides on insects. Biol. Rev. 44, 321–357.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Navon, A., Meisner, J., and Ascher, K. R. S. (1987). Feeding stimulant mixtures for Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 80, 990–993.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Neilson, W. T. A. (1960). Field tests of some hydrolyzed proteins as lures for the apple maggot Rhagoletis pomonella. Can. Entomol. 92, 464–467.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Onsager, J. A., Rees, N. E., Henry, J. E., Foster, R. N. (1981). Integration of bait formulations of Nosema locusta and carbaryl for control of rangeland grasshoppers. J. Econ. Entomol. 74, 183–187.

    Google Scholar 

  • Patti, J. H., and Carner, G. R. (1974). Bacillus thuringiensis investigations for control of Heliothis spp. on cotton. J. Econ. Entomol. 67, 415–418.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pluthero, F. G., and Singh, R. S. (1984). Insect behavioural responses to toxins: practical and evolutionary considerations. Can. Entomol. 116, 57–68.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Polles, S. G., and Vinson, S. B. (1969). Effect of droplet size on persistence of ULV malathion and comparison of toxicity of ULV and EC malathion to tobacco budworm larvae. J. Econ. Entomol. 62, 89–94.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Potter, M. F., and Watson, T. F. (1983a). Timing of nuclear polyhedrosis virus-bait spray combinations for control of egg and larval stages of tobacco budworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 76, 446–448.

    Google Scholar 

  • Potter, M. F., and Watson, T. F. (1983b). Garbanzo bean as a potential feeding stimulant for use with a nuclear polyhedrosis virus of the tobacco budworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 76, 449–451.

    Google Scholar 

  • Quinn, M. A., Kepner, R. L., Walgenbach, D. D., Bohls, R. A., Pooler, P. D., Foster, R. N., Reuter, K. C, and Swain, J. L. (1989). Immediate and 2nd-year effects of insecticide spray and bait treatments on populations of rangeland grasshoppers. Can. Entomol. 121, 589–602.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ramachandran, R., Raffa, K. F., Miller, M. J., Ellis, D. D., and McCown, B. H. (1993). Behavioral responses and sublethal effects of spruce budworm (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) and fall webworm (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) larvae to Bacillus thuringiensis CrylA(a) toxin in diet. Environ. Entomol. 22, 197–211.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Retnakaran, A., Lauzon, H., and Fast, P. (1983). Bacillus thuringiensis induced anorexia in the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 34, 233–239.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rombach, M. C, Aguda, R. M., Picard, L., and Roberts, D. W. (1989). Arrested feeding of the Asiatic rice borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) by Bacillus thuringiensis. J. Econ. Entomol. 82(2), 416–419.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ruscoe, C. N. E. (1977). The new NRDC pyrethroids as agricultural insecticides. Pesticide Sci. 8, 236–242.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rust, M. K., and Reierson, D. A. (1981). Attraction and performance of insecticidal baits for German cockroach control. Int. Pest Control 23, 106–109.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schuster, D. J. (1979). Adjuvants tank-mixed with Bacillus thuringiensis for control of cabbage looper larvae on cabbage. J. Georgia Entomol. Soc. 14, 182–186.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, D. B., Hostetter, D. L., Pinnel, R. E., and Ignoffo, C. M. (1982). Laboratory studies of viral adjuvants: formulation development. J. Econ. Entomol. 75, 16–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sneh, B., and Gross, S. (1983). Biological control of the Egyptian cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) in cotton and alfalfa fields using a preparation of Bacillus thuringiensis ssp entomocidus supplemented with adjuvants. Z. Angew. Entomol. 95, 418–424.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sneh, B., Schuster, S., and Gross, S. (1983). Improvement of the insecticidal activity of Bacillus thuringiensis var. entomocidus on larvae of Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) by addition of chitinolytic bacteria, a phagostimulant and a UV-protectant. Z. Angew. Entomol. 96, 77–83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Southern, P. S., and Jackson, D. M. (1984). Control of Heliothis virescens on flue-cured tobacco using Bacillus thuringiensis and a cottonseed flour feeding stimulant. Tobacco Sci. 28, 10–13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spaulding, L., and Pasarela, N. R. (1989). Non-particulate, non-flowable, non-repellant insecticide-bait composition for the control of cockroaches. US Patent 4845103.

    Google Scholar 

  • Starks, K. J., McMillian, W. W., Sekul, A. A., and Cox, H. C. (1965). Corn earworm larval feeding response to corn silk and kernel extracts. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 58, 74–76.

    Google Scholar 

  • Steiner, L. F., Rohner, G. G., Ayers, E. L., and Christenson, L. D. (1961). The role of attractants in recent Mediterranean fruit fly eradication program in Florida. J. Econ. Entomol. 54, 30–35.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tan, K-H. (1981). Antifeeding effect of cypermethrin and permethrin at sub-lethal levels against Pieris brassicae larvae. Pesticide Sci. 12, 619–626.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • van Drongelen, W. (1979). Contact chemoreception of host plant specific chemicals in larvae of various Yponomeuta species (Lepidoptera). J. Comp. Physiol. 134, 265–279.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • van Frankenhuyzen, K. (1990). Effect of temperature and exposure time on toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner spray deposits to spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana Clemens (Lepidoptera: tortricidae). Can. Entomol. 122, 69–75.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yendol, W. G., Hamlen, R. A., and Rosario, S. B. (1975). Feeding behavior of gypsy moth larvae on Bacillus thuringiensis-treaitd foliage. J. Econ. Entomol. 68, 25–27.

    Google Scholar 

  • Young, J. R., and McMillian, W. W. (1979). Differential feeding by two strains of fall armyworm larvae on carbaryl treated surfaces. J. Econ. Entomol. 72, 202–203.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zehnder, G. W., and Gelernter, W. D. (1989). Activity of the M-ONE formulation of a new strain of Bacillus thuringiensis against the Colorado potato beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae): relationship between susceptibility and insect life stage. J. Econ. Entomol. 82, 756–761.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. D. A. Avé
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Neurobiology, University of Arizona, 85721, Tucson, Arizona, USA

    R. F. Chapman

  2. Department of Entomology, University of Kansas, 66045, Lawrence, Kansas, USA

    Gerrit de Boer

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1995 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Avé, D.A. (1995). Stimulation of Feeding: Insect Control Agents. In: Chapman, R.F., de Boer, G. (eds) Regulatory Mechanisms in Insect Feeding. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1775-7_12

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1775-7_12

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-5715-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-1775-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation