Skip to main content

Can Ecological Concepts Span the Land and Ocean Domains?

  • Chapter
Ecological Time Series

Abstract

Ecological studies of marine and terrestrial systems are usually carried out in separate institutions, published in different journals, and funded from disparate sources. Some of the reasons for these distinctions are understandable. There are obvious differences in the technologies (ships versus jeeps) and in the styles of life of the organisms (gravity is a minor problem in the open ocean). But more important are the differing time scales of processes in the two environments, and of the organisms themselves. Air temperature and rainfall are highly variable on a day-to-day basis, whereas the ocean, below the surface layers, changes much more slowly. Conversely, trees have life cycles that are very much longer than those of the primary producers in the ocean, the phytoplankton.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bonner, J. T. 1965. Size and Cycle: An Essay on the Structure of Biology. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.

    Google Scholar 

  • Caddy, J. F., and J. A. Gulland. 1983. Historical patterns of fish stocks. Marine Policy 83:267–278.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clark, W. C. 1985. Scales of climate impacts. Climatic Change 7:5–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • CLIMAP. 1976. The surface of the ice age earth. Science 191:1131–1137.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, J. E. 1989. “Food Webs and Community Structure.” In J. Roughgarden, R. M. May, and S. A. Levin (eds.), Perspectives in Ecological Theory. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, J. E., F. Briand, and C. M. Newman. 1990. Community Food Webs: Data and Theory. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Connell, J. H., and W. P. Sousa. 1983. On the evidence needed to judge ecological stability or persistence. American Naturalist 121:789–824.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Corten, A. 1986. On the causes of recruitment failure of herring in the central and northern North Sea in the years 1972–78. Journal du Conseil Intérnational pour l’Exploration de la Mer (ICES) 42:281–294.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cushing, D.H. 1982. Climate and Fisheries. Academic Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davis, M. B. 1981. “Quaternary History and the Stability of Forest Communities.” In West, Shugart, and Botkin (eds.), Forest Succession, Concepts and Application. Springer-Verlag, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Delcourt, H. R., P. A. Delcourt, and T. Webb. 1983. Dynamic plant ecology: The spectrum of vegetational change in space and time. Quarterly Science Review 1:153–175.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • den Boer, P. J. 1991. Seeing the trees for the woods: Random walks or bounded fluctuations of population size. Oecologia 86:484–491.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Denman, K. L., and T. M. Powell. 1984. Effects of physical processes on planktonic ecosystems in the coastal ocean. Oceanography and Marine Biology Annual Review 22:125–168.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dickinson, R. E., and A. Henderson-Sellers. 1988. Modelling tropical deforestation. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 114:439–462.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eppley, R. W., E. Stewart, R. Abbott, and U. Heyman. 1985. Estimating ocean primary production from chlorophyll. Journal of Plankton Research 7:57–70.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frost, B. W. 1987. Grazing control of phytoplankton stock in open subarctic Pacific Ocean. Marine Ecology Program Series 39:49–68.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gardner, R. H., R. V. O’Neill, M. G. Turner, and V. H. Dale. 1989. Quantifying scale dependent effects of animal movements with simple percolation models. Landscape Ecology 3:217–227.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Glantz, M. 1987. Drought in Africa. Scientific American 256:34–40.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hassell, M. P., J. Latto, and R. M. May. 1989. Seeing the wood for the trees: Detecting density dependence from existing life table studies. Journal of Animal Ecology 58:883–892.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Haury, L. R., J. A. McGowan, and P. H. Wiebe. 1978. “Patterns and Processes in the Time-Space Scales of Plankton Distributions.” In J. H. Steele (ed.), Spatial Patterns in Plankton Communities. Plenum, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ludwig, D., D. D. Jones, and C. S. Holling. 1978. Qualitative analysis of insect outbreak systems: The spruce budworm and forest. Journal of Animal Ecology 44:315–332.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • NRC. 1986. Global Change in the Geosphere-Biosphere. National Research Council, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pedlovsky, J. 1977. Geophysical Fluid Dynamics. Springer-Verlag, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pickett, S. T. A., and P. S. White. 1985. The Ecology of Natural Disturbance and Patch Dynamics. Academic Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pimm, S. L. 1982. Food Webs. Chapman & Hall, New York.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Pomeroy, L. R., E. C. Hargrave, and J. J. Alberto. 1988. “The Ecosystem Perspective.” In L. R. Pomeroy and J. J. Alberts (eds.), Concepts of Ecosystem Ecology. Springer-Verlag, New York.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Reddingius, J., and P. J. Boer. 1989. On the stabilization of animal numbers. Problems of testing: Confrontation with data from the field. Oecologia 79:143–149.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Richardson, K., M. J. Heath, and N. J. Pihl. 1986. Studies of a larval herring patch in the Buchan area. Dana 6:1–10.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rothschild, B. J. 1986. Dynamics of Marine Fish Populations. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roughgarden, J., S. Gaines, and H. Possingham. 1988. Recruitment dynamics in complex life cycles. Science 241:1460–1466.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Running, S. W. 1990. “Estimating Terrestrial Primary Production by Combining Remote Sensing and Ecosystem Simulation.” In R. J. Hobbs and H. A. Mooney (eds.), Remote Sensing of Biosphere Functioning. Springer-Verlag, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sale, P. F. 1982. Stock-recruit relationships and regional coexistence in a lottery competitive system: A simulation study. American Naturalist 120:139–159.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sarmiento, J. L., J. R. Toggwiler, and R. Majjar. 1988. Ocean carbon cycle dynamics and atmospheric CO2. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A:325:3–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sheldon, R. W., A. Prakash, and W. Sutcliffe. 1972. The size distribution of particles in the ocean. Limnology and Oceanography 17:327–340.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shorrocks, B. 1993. Trends in the Journal of Animal Ecology: 1932–92. Journal of Animal Ecology 62:599–605.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sinclair, M. 1987. Marine Populations. University of Washington Press, Seattle, WA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Solow, A., and J. Steele. 1990. On sample size, statistical power, and the detection of density dependence. Journal of Animal Ecology 59:1073–1076.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Southward, A. J. 1980. The western English Channel—an inconstant ecosystem. Nature 285:361–366.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Southwood, T. R. E. 1976. “Bionomic Strategies and Population Parameters.” In R. M. May (ed.), Theoretical Ecology. Saunders, Philadelphia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Southwood, T. R. E. 1977. Habitat, the templet for ecological strategies. Journal of Animal Ecology 46:337–365.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Steele, J. H. 1978. “Some Comments on Plankton Patches.” In J. H. Steele (ed.), Spatial Pattern in Plankton Communities. Plenum, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Steele, J. H. 1985. Comparison of marine and terrestrial ecological systems. Nature 313:355–358.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Steele, J. H. 1989. “Discussion: Scale and Coupling in Ecological Systems.” In J. Roughgarden, R. M. May, and S. A. Levin (eds.), Perspectives in Ecological Theory. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.

    Google Scholar 

  • Steele, J. H., and E. W. Henderson. 1994. Coupling between physical and biological scales. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 343:5–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stommel, H. 1963. Varieties of oceanographic experience. Science 139:572–576.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Walsh, J. J. 1977. “A Biological Sketchbook for an Eastern Boundary Current.” In E. D. Goldberg, I. N. McCave, J. J. O’Brien, and J. H. Steele (eds.), The Sea, Vol. 6. Wiley Interscience, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walsh, J. J. 1988. On the Nature of Continental Shelves. Academic Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1995 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Steele, J.H. (1995). Can Ecological Concepts Span the Land and Ocean Domains?. In: Powell, T.M., Steele, J.H. (eds) Ecological Time Series. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1769-6_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1769-6_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-412-05201-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-1769-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics