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Hot Workability Testing Techniques

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Metal Forming: Interrelation Between Theory and Practice

Abstract

Processes for the hot forming of metals are of great industrial importance because of the low flow stresses and high ductilities exhibited by most metals at homologous temperatures greater than one half. High rates of working which are desirable for reasons of economy have, however, the effect of increasing the flow stress and, in some circumstances, of decreasing the ductility. A critical comparison is made of the usefulness of a variety of high temperature mechanical tests to determine suitable conditions for working. Examples are presented of successful correlations of laboratory testing and industrial production. The important testing parameters and the tolerances in their control are reviewed.

The variations in workability from alloy to alloy and from heat to heat are the result of differences in the mechanisms of deformation, softening and fracture. The examination techniques which disclose the complex microstructural changes associated with these mechanisms are surveyed, and the hot work tests are compared with regard to their ability to provide suitable samples for metallography.

The microstructures produced by hot working and subsequent cooling determine the properties and, therefore, the suitability of the material for cold forming or for service. Since the possibility of determining these properties depends largely on whether the hot workability specimens are in suitable form for further mechanical testing, the capabilities in this respect of the different experimental methods are assessed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Metallurgical Engineering, McGill University Montreal, Canada

    H. J. McQueen & J. J. Jonas

  2. Mechanical Engineering, Sir George Williams University, Canada

    H. J. McQueen & J. J. Jonas

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  1. H. J. McQueen
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  2. J. J. Jonas
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Materials Technology Equipment Group of TRW, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio, USA

    A. L. Hoffmanner (Principal Engineer) (Principal Engineer)

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McQueen, H.J., Jonas, J.J. (1971). Hot Workability Testing Techniques. In: Hoffmanner, A.L. (eds) Metal Forming: Interrelation Between Theory and Practice. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1757-3_18

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