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Intermediate Biomarkers

  • Chapter
Cancer Chemoprevention

Part of the book series: Cancer Treatment and Research ((CTAR,volume 106))

Abstract

Carcinogenesis is generally recognized as a disease that progresses through several stages beginning with mutation of genomic DNA (initiation) followed by growth acceleration and further genetic damage (promotion) and, finally, development of malignant tumors (progression) [1]. With the latency period between stages ranging from years to decades, the science of cancer chemoprevention seeks to intervene using relatively nontoxic agents to prevent, delay or reverse one or more stages of carcinogenesis [2]. Intermediate biomarkers of cancer encompass the phenotypic, genotypic and molecular changes that characterize the multistage nature of carcinogenesis; their measurement is necessary for evaluating potential chemopreventive agents, elucidating mechanisms of action, selecting clinical trial cohorts and acting as surrogate endpoints for cancer incidence in human clinical trials. While the development of cancer biomarkers has advanced considerably in the past 25 years, researchers have yet to fully unravel the complex molecular, cellular, tissue, and epidemiological interactions that ultimately define the nature of carcinogenesis. Furthermore, indirect monitoring of carcinogenesis intervention is challenged by the proper identification, quantification, and validation of biomarkers, as well as establishment of relevance to clinical disease.

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Authors
  1. Jerome W. Kosmeder II Ph. D.
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  2. John M. Pezzuto Ph.D.
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University School of Medicine, USA

    Raymond C. Bergan MD (Director, Experimental Therapeutics) (Director, Experimental Therapeutics)

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© 2001 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Kosmeder, J.W., Pezzuto, J.M. (2001). Intermediate Biomarkers. In: Bergan, R.C. (eds) Cancer Chemoprevention. Cancer Treatment and Research, vol 106. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1657-6_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1657-6_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-5663-9

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