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Delayed Rectifier K+Channels of Vascular Smooth Muscle: Characterization, Function, and Regulation by Phosphorylation

  • Chapter
Potassium Channels in Cardiovascular Biology

Abstract

Regulation of membrane potential in vascular smooth muscle cells is critical for determining the level of tone in the arterial wall and, as a result, vessel diameter and peripheral vascular resistance. K+ channels play a critical role in setting the basal level of membrane potential and in electrical and mechanical responses to changes of intraluminal pressure and vasoactive agonists. Voltage-activated K+ current (Kv) is an important component of outward K+ conductance of smooth muscle and may be divided into two varieties based on distinct inactivation characteristics: (i) rapidly inactivating, transient outward (KTO) or A-type K+ current, which exhibits rapid activation and fast, N-type inactivation kinetics, and (ii) delayed rectifier (KDR) current, which displays no, or only slow, C-type inactivation. In the past five years, it has become apparent that vascular KDR channels (i) are regulated by endogenous vasoactive molecules via phosphotransferase reactions involving serine/threonine kinases and (ii) play an important role in the control of electrical and mechanical activity, arterial diameter, and peripheral resistance. This chapter reviews our current understanding of the biophysical and pharmacological properties of vascular KDR channels, the signal transduction pathways involved in their regulation, and their possible roles in the control of tone and arterial diameter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Smooth Muscle Research Group., Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 4N1

    W. C. Cole

  2. Smooth Muscle Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 4N1

    M. P. Walsh

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  1. Walter McKenzie Health Science Centre, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

    Stephen L. Archer

  2. Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA

    Nancy J. Rusch

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Cole, W.C., Walsh, M.P. (2001). Delayed Rectifier K+Channels of Vascular Smooth Muscle: Characterization, Function, and Regulation by Phosphorylation. In: Archer, S.L., Rusch, N.J. (eds) Potassium Channels in Cardiovascular Biology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1303-2_24

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1303-2_24

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-5487-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-1303-2

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