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Overview: Molecular Physiology of Cardiac Potassium Channels

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Potassium Channels in Cardiovascular Biology

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Abstract

Potassium (K+) channels regulate K+ ion movement across the cell membrane and are important in maintaining the electrical activity in most excitable cells, because they control cellular resting potential and action potential duration. Action potentials recorded from cardiac cells are characterized by their long duration and slow repolarization, quite unlike action potentials found in other electrically excitable cells such as nerve and skeletal muscle. This prolonged depolarization is important in regulating the strength and duration of the contraction of the heart. Outward currents through K+ channels play important roles in influencing the morphology of the action potential in the heart. For example, inward rectifier K+ current (IKir) is important in controlling the resting membrane potential, whereas current through voltage-dependent K+ (Kv) channels plays a major role in controlling the duration of the action potential in cardiac cells. Many K+ channels are the physiological targets of neurotransmitters and hormones, which influence heart rate and contractility through their action on many different types of ion channels, including K+ channels.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, New York, USA, 10032

    B. M. Heath, X. Wehrens & R. S. Kass

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  1. B. M. Heath
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  2. X. Wehrens
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  3. R. S. Kass
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Walter McKenzie Health Science Centre, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

    Stephen L. Archer

  2. Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA

    Nancy J. Rusch

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© 2001 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Heath, B.M., Wehrens, X., Kass, R.S. (2001). Overview: Molecular Physiology of Cardiac Potassium Channels. In: Archer, S.L., Rusch, N.J. (eds) Potassium Channels in Cardiovascular Biology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1303-2_16

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1303-2_16

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  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-5487-1

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