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Antigenic Properties of Human Glycophorins - An Update

  • Chapter
The Molecular Immunology of Complex Carbohydrates —2

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 491))

Abstract

Glycophorins are complex heavily glycosylated antigens carrying peptidic and glycopeptidic epitopes. Detailed immunochemical studies showed that GP AlGPB and GPC/GPD molecules have defined sites which are particularly immunogenic. These sites include N-terminal portions of all glycophorins, internal fragments of their extracellular domains, and cytoplasmic tails. The extracellular epitopes involve directly oligosaccharide chains (e.g. blood group M- and N-related epitopes, or N-terminal epitopes of GPC) or have peptidic character, shown by the reaction of respective antibodies with synthetic peptides. Peptidic eitopes are independent of glycosylation, or are variably affected by adjacent 0- glycans which may mask the epitopes or may be required for a proper exposure of an antibody binding site. Several low incidence epitopes are present on variant glycophorin molecules. Among anti-glycophorin antibodies there are the ‘bispecific’ ones, or antibodies recognizing an epitope formed by an interaction of two proteins (Wrb). Alltogether, the glycophorins serve as convenient model antigens for studying Ag-Ab interaction and a role of O-glycosylation in protein antigenic properties. Moreover, well defined specificty of monoclonal anti-glycophorin antibodies makes them more precise tools in serological investigation and identification of normal and variant antigens. Last but not least, elucidation of antigenic properties of glycophorins is important for identification and characterization of human anti-glycophorin antibodies, which in some cases create medical problems at transfusion or pregnancy.

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  1. Department of Immunochemistry, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, 53-114, Poland

    Elwira Lisowska

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  1. Elwira Lisowska
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  1. Glyco Research Laboratory Institutes of Basic Medical Sciences and Natural Products, College of Medicine Chang-Gung University, Kwei-san, Tay-yuan, Taiwan

    Albert M. Wu

  2. Tao-yuan, 333, Taiwan

    Albert M. Wu

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Lisowska, E. (2001). Antigenic Properties of Human Glycophorins - An Update. In: Wu, A.M. (eds) The Molecular Immunology of Complex Carbohydrates —2. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 491. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1267-7_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1267-7_12

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