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Intestinal Synthesis of Triacylglycerols

  • Chapter
Intestinal Lipid Metabolism

Abstract

During intestinal fat absorption, luminal lipolytic products are absorbed across the microvillus border of the enterocyte. Inside the cell, lipolytic products are reesterified and assembled with apolipoproteins to yield chylomicrons, which are released at the basolateral membrane and enter the blood stream via the lymph (Black, 1995; Davidson, 1994). The major routes for fatty acid esterification in the enterocytes are the monoacylglycerol and phosphatidic acid pathways, both of which ultimately yield triacylglycerols (Johnston, 1977). In the monoacylglycerol pathway, which is characteristic of enterocytes and is of primary importance following lipid ingestion, triacylglycerols are the major products. In the phosphatidic acid pathway, fatty acids are esterified to glycerol-3-phosphate, which is derived from glucose or glycerol. The phosphatidic acid is converted to diacylglycerol and subsequently to triacylglycerols as well as glycerophospholipids. Although the two pathways have been generally considered to function separately (Johnston, 1977), evidence for their convergence at the level of 2-monoacylglycerols via a deacylation/reacylation cycle has been presented (Yang and Kuksis, 1991; Lehner and Kuksis, 1992). The isolation of pancreatic lipase from rat enterocytes (Tsujita et al., 1996) provides potential explanations for past controversies while creating new ones.

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  1. Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1L6, Canada

    Arnis Kuksis & Richard Lehner

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  1. Arnis Kuksis
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  1. University of Tennessee College of Medicine, Memphis, Tennessee

    Charles M. Mansbach II

  2. University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio

    Patrick Tso

  3. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

    Arnis Kuksis

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Kuksis, A., Lehner, R. (2001). Intestinal Synthesis of Triacylglycerols. In: Mansbach, C.M., Tso, P., Kuksis, A. (eds) Intestinal Lipid Metabolism. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1195-3_11

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