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Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and the Study of Cognition

  • Chapter
Experimental Methods in Neuropsychology

Part of the book series: Neuropsychology and Cognition ((NPCO,volume 21))

Abstract

In the past decades, neuroimaging techniques such as computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), magneto-encephalography (MEG) and electro-encephalography (EEG) have shaped the way in which we model behavior. Anatomical neuroimaging techniques have produced ever more detailed descriptions of the extent of lesions produced by brain injury. Functional neuroimaging methods have revealed associations between various behaviors and patterns of activity in cortical and subcortical structures. Functional MRI and PET can inform us about the location of a brain activity associated with a function, while event related potentials using EEG or MEG can provide information about the timing of a brain activation during a task. Careful design of neuroimaging experiments may allow us to conclude with reasonable certainty that the correlation of brain activity with behavior is likely to be due to a causal connection (i.e. that the brain activity produces the behavior). Nevertheless, imaging alone can never provide proof of that assertion. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is the only non-invasive technique available that allows us to interfere actively with brain function, and thus investigate the relationship between focal cortical activity and behavior, trace the timing at which a cortical region contributes to a given task, and map the functional connectivity between brain regions (Pascual-Leone et al. 1999a,b, 2000; Walsh and Rushworth, 1999; Walsh and Cowey, 2000).

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Authors
  1. Hugo Théoret
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  2. Alvaro Pascual-Leone
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Bergen, Norway

    Kenneth Hugdahl

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Théoret, H., Pascual-Leone, A. (2003). Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and the Study of Cognition. In: Hugdahl, K. (eds) Experimental Methods in Neuropsychology. Neuropsychology and Cognition, vol 21. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1163-2_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1163-2_8

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