Abstract
Epidemiology has found relationships between alcohol consumption and CHD risk. Many articles have been published on this complex relationship. In a recently published meta analysis, 196 articles on the topic were reviewed, showing that the relationship would depend on the amount of alcohol consumed, on gender and on geographical area (1). Despite the wealth of available data, important questions remain about the health effects of the patterns of drinking and about a possible protective effect of substances, other than alcohol, in red wine (2).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Corrao G, Rubbiati L, Bagnardi V, Zambon A, Poikolainen K. Alcohol and coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis. Addiction 2000;95:1505–1523.
Grobbee DE, Rimm EB, Keil U, Renaud S. Alcohol and the cardiovascular system. In: Health issues related to alcohol consumption. Second edition, MacDonald I (Ed). ILSI Europe, Blackwell Science Ltd 1999:125–179.
Poikolainen K. It can be bad for the heart too: drinking patterns and coronary heart disease. Addiction 1998;93:1757–1759.
Kromhout D, Keys A, Aravanis C, Buzina R, Fidanza F, Giampaoli S, Jansen A, Menotti A, Nedeljkovic S, Pekkarinen M, Simic BS, Toshima H. Food consumption patterns in the nineteen sixties in Seven Countries. Am J Clin Nutr 1989;49:889–894.
Huijbregts PPCW, Feskens EJM, Räsänen L, Alberti-Fidanza A, Mutanen M, Fidanza F, Kromhout D. Dietary intake in five aging cohorts of men in Finland, Italy and the Netherlands. Eur J Clin Nutr 1995;49: 852–860.
Kromhout D, Nissinen A, Menotti A, Bloemberg B, Pekkanen J, Giampaoli S. Total and HDL cholesterol and their correlates in elderly men in Finland, Italy and the Netherlands. Am J Epidemiol 1990;131:855–863.
Rimm EB, Klatsky A, Grobbee D, Stampfer MJ. Review of moderate alcohol consumption and reduced risk of coronary heart disease: Is the effect due to beer, wine or spirits? BMJ 1996;312:731–736.
Kromhout D, Bloemberg BPM, Feskens EJM, Hertog MGL, Menotti A, Blackburn H, for the Seven Countries Study Group. Alcohol, fish, fiber and antioxidant vitamins do not explain population differences in CHD mortality. Int J Epidemiol 1996;25(4):753–759
St Leger AS, Cochrane AL, Moore F. Factors associated with cardiac mortality in developed countries with particular reference to the consumption of wine. Lancet 1979;i:1017–1020
Renaud S, De Lorgeril M. Wine, alcohol, platelets and the French paradox for coronary heart disease. Lancet 1992;339:1523–1526.
Artaud-Wild SM, Connor SL, Sexton G, Connor WE. Differences in coronary mortality can be explained by differences in cholesterol and saturated fat intakes in 40 countries but not in France and Finland. A paradox. Circulation 1993;88:2771–2779.
Criqui MH, Ringel L. Does diet or alcohol explain the French paradox? Lancet 1994;344:1719–1723.
Kromhout D. Diet-heart issues in a pharmacological era. Lancet 1996;348 Suppl 1:S20–S22.
Drewnowski A, Ahlstrom-Henderson S, Shore AM, Fischler C, Preziosi P, Hercberg S. Diet quality and diet diversity in France: Implications for the French paradox. J Am Diet Assoc 1996;96:663–669.
Ducimetière P, Lang T, Amoyel P, Arveiler D, Ferrières J. Rates of coronary events are similar in France and Southern Europe. BMJ 2000;320:249.
Kivelä SL, Nissinen A, Punsar S, Puska P, Karvonen M. Determinants and predictors of heavy alcohol consumption among aging Finnish men. Compr Gerontol B 1988;2:103109.
Kivelä SL, Nissinen A, Ketola A, Punsar S, Puska P, Karvonen M. Alcohol consumption and mortality in aging or aged Finnish men. J Clin Epidemiol 1989;42:61–68.
Farchi G, Fidanza F, Mariotti S, Menotti A. Alcohol and mortality in the Italian cohorts of the Seven Countries Study. Int J Epidemiol 1992;21:74–82.
De Vries JHM, Lemmens PHHM, Pietinen P, Kok FJ. Assessment of alcohol consumption. In: Health issues related to alcohol consumption. Second edition, MacDonald I (Ed). ILSI Europe, Blackwell Science Ltd. 1999:27–62.
Kauhanen J, Kaplan GA, Goldberg DE, Salonen JT. Beer hinging and mortality: results from the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study, a prospective population based study. BMJ 1997;315:846–851.
Criqui MH. Do known cardiovascular risk factors mediate the effect of alcohol on cardiovascular disease? In: Alcohol and cardiovascular diseases. Willey, Chichester 1998:159–172.
Veenstra J, Ockhuizen T, Pol M van de, Wedel M, Schaafsma G. Effects of a moderate dose of alcohol on blood lipids and lipoproteins postprandially and in fasting state. Alcohol & Alcoholism 1990;25:371–377.
Rimm EB, Williams P, Fosher K, Criqui M, Stampfer MJ. Moderate alcohol intake and lower risk of coronary heart disease: meta-analysis of effects of lipids and haemostatic factors. BMJ 1999;319:1523–1528.
Renaud SC, Beswick AD, Fehily AM, Sharp DS, Elwood PC. Alcohol and platelet aggregation: the Caerphilly Prospective Heart Disease Study. Am J Clin Nutr 1992;55:1012–1017.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2002 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kromhout, D. (2002). Alcohol and Coronary Heart Disease in the Seven Countries Study. In: Kromhout, D., Menotti, A., Blackburn, H. (eds) Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease: Diet, Lifestyle and Risk Factors in the Seven Countries Study. Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine, vol 243. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1117-5_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1117-5_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-5402-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-1117-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive