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Hormone Replacement and Cardiovascular Disease

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Women’s Health and Menopause

Part of the book series: Medical Science Symposia Series ((MSSS,volume 17))

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Abstract

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is an important health problem in the United States, responsible for more than 503,000 deaths annually [1]. It has traditionally been underestimated in women, even though CHD is the single leading cause of death and a significant cause of morbidity in female patients. In fact, CHD is now estimated to account for more than 236,000 deaths among women each year, resulting in billions of dollars in health care expenditures [2]. Furthermore, it is estimated that 1 in 2 women will die of heart disease or stroke, compared with 1 in 25 who will eventually die of breast cancer [3], Unfortunately, women are not aware of this overwhelming risk presented by CHD. In a recent national survey by the American Heart Association, only 34% of women spontaneously identified CHD as the leading cause of death in women [3].

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© 2002 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Johnson, K.C. (2002). Hormone Replacement and Cardiovascular Disease. In: Lobo, R.A., Crosignani, P.G., Paoletti, R., Bruschi, F. (eds) Women’s Health and Menopause. Medical Science Symposia Series, vol 17. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1061-1_17

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1061-1_17

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-5375-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-1061-1

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