Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Examining the Usefulness of DSM-IV

  • Chapter
Asian American Mental Health

Part of the book series: International and Cultural Psychology Series ((ICUP))

Abstract

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-IV (DSM-IV) (Psychiatric Association, 1994American Psychiatric Association, 1994) is an evolutionary product of a remedicalization of psychiatry that began in the 1970s to reintegrate psychiatry with medicine (Dana & May, 1986). DSM-IV provides the possibility for a reduction of the cultural bias present in earlier DSM versions by recognizing cultural diversity and improving the cultural boundaries for psychological disorders (Malgady, 2000). Nonetheless, this psychiatric awareness has resulted in a DSM vessel that is half-full or half-empty depending on an observer’s perspective of the fairness and credibility of DSM diagnostic standards for multicultural populations in the United States.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Adler, S. R. (1994). Ethomedical pathogenesis and Hmong immigrants’ sudden nocturnal deaths. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, 18, 23–59.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Advincula, A., & Ricco, R. (1998, August). Development of the Filipino American Acculturation Scale. Poster presented at the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology and Fourteenth International Silver Jubilee Congress, Bellingham, WA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Allen, J., & Walsh, J. A. (2000). A construct-based approach to equivalence methodologies for cross-cultural/multicultural personality assessment research. In R. H. Dana (Ed.), Handbook of cross-cultural and multicultural personality research (pp. 63–85). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Allison, K. W., Crawford, I., Echemendia, R., Robinson, L., & Knepp, D. (1994). Human diversity and professional competence: Training in clinical and counseling psychology. American Psychologist, 49, 792–796.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Allison, K. W., Echemendia, R., Crawford, I., & Robinson, L., (1996). Predicting cultural competence: Implications for practice and training. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 27, 386–393.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ambady, N., Koo, J., Lee, F., & Rosenthal, R. (1996). More than words: Linguistic and nonlinguistic politeness in two cultures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 996–1011.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • American Psychiatric Association (1952). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. Washington, DC: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • American Psychiatric Association (1980). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3 rd ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • American Psychiatric Association (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • American Psychological Association (1992). Ethical principles of psychologists and code of conduct. American Psychologist, 47, 1597–1611.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, J., Moeschberger, M., Chen, M. S., Kunn, P., Wewers, M. E., & Guthrie, R. (1993). An acculturation scale for Southeast Asians. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 28, 131–141.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barrett, R. J. (1997). Cultural formulation of psychiatric diagnosis. Death on a horse’s back: Adjustmentdisorder with panic attacks. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, 21, 481–494.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Beiser, M. (1988). Influence of time, ethnicity, and attachment in Southeast Asian refugees. American Journal of Psychiatry, 145, 46–51.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brandt, M. E., & Boucher, J. D. (1986). Concepts of depression in emotion lexicons of eight cultures. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 10, 321–346.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Castillo, R. J. (1996). Culture and mental illness: A client-centered approach. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cheung, F., & Lin, K.-M.. (1997). Neurasthenia, depression and somatoform disorder in a Chinese-Vietnamese woman migrant. Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry, 21, 247–258.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cheung, P. (1991). Adult psychiatric epidemiology in China in the 1980s. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, 15, 479–496.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cheung, S. T. (1996). A critical review of Chinese Koro. Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry, 20, 67–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cuéllar, I. (2000). Acculturation as a moderator of personality and psychological assessment. In R. H. Dana (Ed.), Handbook of cross-cultural and multicultural personality assessment (pp. 113–129). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cuéllar, I., & Gonzalez, G. (2000). Cultural identity description and cultural formulation for Hispanics. In R. H. Dana (Ed.), Handbook of cross-cultural and multicultural personality assessment (pp. 605–621). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dana, R. H. (1993). Multicultural assessment perspectives for professional psychology. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dana, R. H. (1994). Testing and assessment ethics for all persons: Beginning and agenda. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 25, 349–354.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dana, R. H. (1997). Multicultural assessment and cultural identity: An assessment-intervention model. World Psychology, 5(1–2), 121–142.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dana, R. H. (1998a). Multicultural assessment of personality and psychopathology in the United States: Still art, not yet science, and controversial. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 14, 62–70.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dana, R. H. (1998b). Understanding cultural identity in intervention and assessment. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dana, R. H. (1998c). Personality and the cultural self: Ernie and etic contexts as learning resources. In L. Handler & M. Hilsenroth (Eds.), Teaching and learning personality assessment (pp. 325–345). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dana, R. H. (2000a). Culture and methodology in personality assessment. In I. Cuéllar & F. A. Paniagua (Eds.), Handbook of multicultural mental health: Assessment and treatment of diverse populations. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dana, R. H. (2000b). An assessment-intervention model for research and practice with multicultural populations. In R. H. Dana (Ed.), Handbook of cross-cultural and multicultural personality assessment (pp. 5–16). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dana, R. H. (2001). Clinical diagnoses of multicultural populations in the United States. In L. A. Suzuki, J. Ponterotto, & P. Meller (Eds.), The handbook of multicultural assessment (2nd ed.) (pp. 101–131). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dana, R. H., & May, W. T. (1986). Health care megatrends and Health Psychology. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 17, 251–256.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davidson, A. R, Jaccard, J. J., Triandis, H. C, Morales, M. L., & Diaz-Guerrero, R. (1976). Cross-cultural model testing of the etic-emic dilemma. International Journal of Psychology, 11(1), 1–13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • DeVos, G. A., & Vaughn, C. A. (1992). The interpersonal self: A level of psychocultural analysis. In L. B. Boyer & R. M. Boyer (Eds.), The psychoanalytic study of society: Vol 17 (pp. 95–142). Hillsdale, NJ: Analytic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eaton, W. W., Kessler, R. C, Wittchen, H. U., & Magee, W. J. (1994). Panic and panic disorder in the United States. American Journal of Psychiatry, 151, 413–420.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Escobar, J. I. (1987). Cross-cultural aspects of the somatization trait. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 38, 174–180.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fabrega, H., Jr. (1991). Somatization in cultural and historical perspective. In L. J. Kirmayer, & J. M. Robbins (Eds.), Current concepts of somatization: Research and clinical perspectives (pp. 181–199). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gaw, A. C. (1993). Psychiatric care of Chinese Americans. In A. C. Gaw (Ed.), Culture, ethnicity, and mental illness (pp. 245–280). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Good, B. J., (1996). Epilogue: Knowledge, power, and diagnosis. In J. E. Mezzich, A. Kleinman, H. Fabrega, Jr., & D. L. Parron (Eds.), Culture and psychiatric diagnosis: A DSM-IVperspective (pp. 347–351). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Good, B. J., & Kleinman, A. M. (1985). Culture and anxiety: Cross-cultural evidence for the patterning of anxiety disorders. In A. H. Tuma & J. Maser (Eds.), Anxiety and the anxiety disorders (pp. 297–323).

    Google Scholar 

  • Guamaccia, P. J. (1996). Cultural comments on multiaxial issues. In J. E. Mezzich, A. Kleinman, H. Fabrega, Jr., & D. L. Parron (Eds.), Culture and psychiatric diagnosis: A DSM-IV perspective (pp. 335–338). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hughes, C. C, Wintrob, R. M. (1995). Culture-bound syndromes and the cultural context pf clinical psychiatry. In J. M. Oldham & M. B. Riba (Eds.), Review of Psychiatry (vol. 14, pp. 565–597). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hui, C. H., & Triandis, H. C. (1985). Measurement in cross-cultural psychology. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 16, 131–152.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hsu, F. L. K. (1971). Psychosocial homeostasis and Jen: Tools for advancing psychological anthropology. American Anthropologist, 73, 24–44.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kinzie, J. D., & Manson, S. (1983). Five years experience with Indochinese refugee psychiatric patients. Journal of Operational Psychiatry, 14, 105–111.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koizumi, K., & Harris, P. (1992). Mental health care in Japan. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 43, 1100–1103.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kuo, W. H. (1984). Prevalence of depression among Asian-Americans. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 172, 449–457.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kuo, W, H., & Tsai, Y. (1986). Social networking, hardiness, and immigrants’ mental health. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 37, 133–149.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lewis-Fernandez, R. (1996). Cultural formulation of psychiatric diagnosis. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, 20, 133–144.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lewis-Fernandez, R., & Kleinman, A. M. (1994). Culture, personality, and psychopathology. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 103, 67–71.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lim, R. F., & Lin, K.-M. (1996). Cultural formulation of psychiatric diagnosis. Case No. 03. Psychosis following Qi-Gong in a Chinese immigrant. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, 20, 369–378.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lin, E. H. B., Carter, W. B., & Kleinman, A. M. (1985). An exploration of somatization among Asian refugees and immigrants in primary care. American Journal of Public Health, 75, 1080–1084.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lin, N. (1989). Measuring depressive symptomatology in China. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 777(3), 121–131.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lin, T. (1953). A study of the incidence of mental disorder in Chinese and other cultures. Psychiatry, 16, 313–336.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lin, T. Y. (1990). Neurasthenia revisited: Its place in modern psychiatry? Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry, 14, 105–129.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lipowski, Z. J. (1988). Somatization: the concept and its clinical application. American Journal of Psychiatry, 145, 1358–1368.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lipowski, Z. J. (1990). Somatization and depression. Psychosomatics, 31, 13–21.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lopez, S. R. (2000). Teaching culturally informed psychological assessment. In R. H. Dana (Ed.), Handbook of cross-cultural and multicultural personality assessment (pp. 669–687). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Malgady, R. G. (1996). The question of cultural bias in assessment and diagnosis of ethnic minority clients: Let’s reject the Null Hypothesis. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 27, 73-77.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Malgady, R. G. (2000). Myths about the Null Hypothesis and the path to reform. In R. H. Dana (Ed.), Handbook of cross-cultural and multicultural personality assessment (pp. 49–62). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mao, L. M. (1992). Invitational discourse and Chinese identity. Journal of Asian Pacific Communication, 3, 79–96.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marsella, A. J. (1987). The measurement of depressive experience and disorder across cultures. In A. J. Marsella, R. M. A. Hirschfeld, & M. M. Katz (Eds.), The measurement of depression (pp. 376–397). New York: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marsella, A. J., Kinzie, D., & Gordon, P. (1973). Ethnic variations in the expression of depression. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 4, 435–459.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marsella, A. J., Sartorius, N., Jablensky, A., & Fenton, F. R. (1985). Cross-cultural studies of depressive disorders: An overview. In A. Kleinman & B. Good (Eds.), Culture and depression: Studies in the anthropology and anthropology of affect and disorder (pp. 299–324). Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meredith, G. M. (1967). Ethnic Identity Scale: A study in trans generational communication patterns. Pacific Speech Quarterly, 2, 57–65.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mezzich, J. E. (1996). Culture and multiaxial diagnosis. In J. E. Mezzich, A. M. Kleinman, H. Fabrega, Jr., & D. L. Parron (Eds.), Culture and psychiatric diagnosis: A DSM-IV perspective (pp. 327–334).Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mezzich, J. E., Kleinman, A. M., Fabrega, H., Jr., & Parron, D. L. (1996) (Eds.). Culture and psychiatric diagnosis: A DSM-IV perspective. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nakane, Y., Ohta, Y., Uchino, J., & Takada, K. (1988). Comparative study of affective disorders on three Asian countries: Differences in diagnostic classification. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 78, 698–705.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nathan, P. E. (1994). DSM-IV: Accessible, not yet ideal. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 50, 103–110.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nathan, P. E., & Langenbucher, J. W. (1999). Psychopathology: Description and classification. Annual Review of Psychology, 50, 79–107.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nichols, D. S., Padilla, J., & Gomez-Macqueo, E. L. (2000). Issues in the cross-cultural adaptation and use of the MMPI-2. In R. H. Dana (Ed.), Handbook of cross-cultural and multicultural personality assessment (pp. 247–266). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Okazaki, S., & Sue, S. (1995). Methodological issues in assessment research with ethnic minorities. Psychological Assessment, 7, 367–375.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ots, T. (1990). The angry liver, the anxious heart, and the melancholy spleen: The phenomenology of perception in Chinese culture. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, 14, 21–56.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pang, K. Y. C. (1990). Hwabyung: The construction of a Korean popular illness among Korean elderly immigrant women in the United States. Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry, 14, 495–512.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Payton, C. R. (1994). Implications of the 1992 Ethics code for diverse groups. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 25, 317–320.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rin, H., Schooler, C., & Caudhill, W. A. (1973). Culture, the social structure and psychopathology. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 157(4), 296–312.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rumbaut, R. (1985). Mental health and the refugee experience: A comparative study of Southeast Asian refugees. In T. C. Owan (Ed.), Southeast Asian mental health: Treatment, prevention services, training, and research (pp. 433–486). Bethesda, MD: NIMH.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simons, R. C, & Hughes, C. C. (Eds.) (1985). The culture-bound syndromes: Folk illnesses of psychiatric and anthropological interest. Boston: Reidl.

    Google Scholar 

  • Suinn, R. M., Rickard-Figueroa, K., Lew, S., & Vigil, P. (1987). The Suinn-Lew Asian Self-Identity Acculturation Scale: An initial report. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 47, 401–407.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sue, S. (1993). Mental health. In N. Zane, D. T. Takeuchi, & K. Young (Eds.), Confronting critical health issues of Asian and Pacific Islander Americans (pp. 266–288). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sue, S., & Zane, N. (1987). The role of culture and cultural techniques in psychotherapy: A critique and reformulation. American Psychologist, 42, 37–45.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Swartz, M., Blazer, D., George, L., & Landerman, R. (1986). Somatization disorder in a community population. American Journal of Psychiatry, 143, 1403–1408.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Takeuchi, D. T., Chung, R. C-Y., Lin, K.-M.., Shen, H., Kurasaki, K., Chun, C-A., & Sue, S. (1998). Lifetime and twelve-month prevalence rates of major depressive episodes and dysthymia among Chinese Americans in Los Angeles. American Journjal of Psychiatry, 155, 1407–1414.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tanaka-Matsumi, J., Hsia, C., & Fyffe, D. (1998, August). Measurement of acculturation: An examination of psychometric properties. Paper presented at the International Congress for Cross-Cultural Psychology 14th International and Silver Jubilee Congress, Bellingham, WA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tseng, W. S., Xu, D., Ebata, K., Hsu, J., & Yuhua, C. (1986). Diagnostic pattern for neurosis in China, Japan, and the United States. American Journal of Psychiatry, 143, 1010–1–14.

    Google Scholar 

  • van de Vijver, F. (2000). The nature of bias. In R. H. Dana (Ed.), Handbook of cross-cultural and multicultural personality assessment (pp. 87–106).Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Westermeyer, J. (1985). Psychiatric diagnosis across cultural boundaries. American Journal of Psychiatry, 142, 798–805.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, L. G., & Young, D. (1988). Diagnosis of severely ill inpatients in China: A collaborative project using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III (SCID). Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 176, 585–592.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wing, J., Nixon, J., Cranach, M., & Straus, A. (1980). Multivariate statistical methods used in the International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia (DDDS Pub. No. ADM 80–630). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wittig, M. A. (1985). Metatheoretical dilemmas in the psychology of gender. American Psychologist, 40, 800–811.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yao, E. L. (1979). The assimilation of contemporary Chinese immigrants. Journal of Psychology, 707, 107–113.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zane, N. W. S. (1998, December). Major approaches to the measurement of acculturation: A conceptual analysis and empirical validation. Paper presented at the International Conference on Acculturation: Advances in Theory, Measurement, and Applied Research, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA

    Google Scholar 

  • Zheng, Y-P., Lin, K.-M., Takeuchi, D., Kurasaki, K., Wang, Y., & Cheung, F. (1997). An epidemiological study of neurasthenia in Chinese-Americans in Los Angeles. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 38(5), 249–259.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Richard H. Dana
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. The California Endowment Funds, Sacramento, California, USA

    Karen S. Kurasaki

  2. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA

    Sumie Okazaki

  3. University of California, Davis, California, USA

    Stanley Sue

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2002 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Dana, R.H. (2002). Examining the Usefulness of DSM-IV. In: Kurasaki, K.S., Okazaki, S., Sue, S. (eds) Asian American Mental Health. International and Cultural Psychology Series. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0735-2_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0735-2_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-5216-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-0735-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation