Abstract
On target cells IL-6 first binds to the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R). The complex of IL-6 and IL-6R associates with the signaltransducing membrane protein gp130, thereby inducing its dimerization and initiation of signaling. gp130 is expressed by all cells in the body whereas IL-6R is mainly expressed by hepatocytes, monocytes/macrophages and lymphocytes. A naturally occurring soluble form of the IL-6R (sIL-6R), which has been found in various body fluids, is generated by two independent mechanisms, limited proteolysis of the membrane protein and translation from an alternatively spliced mRNA2. Interestingly, the sIL-6R together with IL-6 stimulates cells which only express gp 1303’4a process which has been named transsignaling2’5. Recently, it has been shown that the sIL-6R strongly sensitizes target cells6. Early hematopoietic progenitor cells5’7many neural cells“, smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells’1among others, are only responsive to IL-6 in the presence of sIL-6R12.
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Rose-John, S. (2001). Coordination of interleukin-6 biology by membrane bound and soluble receptors. In: Mackiewicz, A., Kurpisz, M., Żeromski, J. (eds) Progress in Basic and Clinical Immunology. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 495. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0685-0_19
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