Abstract
Liquid fuels are a major energy factor which determines the course of transportation and the automobile is one of the most important consumers of such fuel. These liquid fuels include diesel oil, gasoline, liquid propane, alcohol (both methyl and ethyl) as well as the less common liquids such as ammonia and hydrazine. Though the boiling point of propane ( −42°C) and ammonia ( −33°C) are below ambient temperature (in most places) these substances are still classed as liquids because they can be stored as liquids at room temperature (25°C) at the modest pressure of about 10 atm.
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Further Reading
E. Ralbovsky, Introduction to Compact and Automotive Diesels, Delmar, Albany, New York (1997).
F. J. Thiessen and D. N. Dales, Diesel Fundamentals, 3rd Ed., Prentice Hall, New York (1996).
H. Halberstadt, Modern Diesel Locomotive, Motorbooks Intl., Osceola, Wisconsin (1996).
Motor Gasoline Industry-Past, Present, and Future, Gordon Pr., New York (1995).
J. F. Dagel, Diesel Engines, 3rd Ed., Prentice Hall, New York (1993).
Diesel Fuels for the Nineties, Soc. Auto. Engineers, Warrendale, Pennsylvania (1993).
C. F. Taylor, The Internal-Combustion Engine in Theory and Practice, 1 and 2 Vol. 2nd Ed., Rev. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts (1985).
C. G. Moseley, Chemistry and the First Great Gasoline Shortage, J. Chem. Educ. 57, 288 (1980).
J. R. Pierre, The Fuel Consumption of Automobiles, Scientific American, January 34 (1975).
Universal Diesel Liquifier (fuel atomizer), http://www.universaldiesel.com/
Caterpillar, http://www.cat.com/ Detroit Diesel, http://www.detroitdiesel.com/
Fuel Technologies Inc., http://www.fueltechnic.com/
Biodiesel Fuel, http://www.veggievan.org/
Canadian Renewable Fuels Association, http://www.greenfuels.org/
Fuel prices, http://www.cheap-fuel.com/
Gasoline prices, http://www.chartoftheday.com/20000913b.htm
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© 2002 Springer Science+Business Media New York
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Gesser, H.D. (2002). Liquid Fuels. In: Applied Chemistry. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0531-0_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0531-0_4
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