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Northeast Middle Woodland

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Encyclopedia of Prehistory

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Abstract

Relative Time Period: Follows the Early Eastern Woodland tradition in the lower Great Lakes and precedes the Northeast Late Woodland and Proto-Iroquois traditions.

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    Google Scholar 

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    Google Scholar 

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    Google Scholar 

  • Finlayson, William D. (1977). The Saugeen Culture: A Middle Woodland Manifestation in Southwestern Ontario. Ottawa: National Museum of Man, Archaeological Survey of Canada, Mercury Series 61.

    Google Scholar 

  • McAndrews, John H. (1994). “Pollen Diagrams for Southern Ontario Applied to Archaeology.” Great Lakes Archaeology and Paleoecology: Exploring Interdisciplinary Initiatives for the Nineties ed. R. I. MacDonald. Waterloo, ONT: Quaternary Sciences Institute, 179–195.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rowe, J. S. (1972). Forest Regions of Canada Ottawa: Department of the Environment, Canadian Forestry Service, Publication no. 1300.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, David G. (1997). “Radiocarbon Dating the Middle to Late Woodland Transition and Earliest Maize in Southern Ontario.” Northeast Anthropology 54: 37–73.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spence, Michael W., Robert H. Pihl, and Carl R. Murphy (1990). “Cultural Complexes of the Early and Middle Woodland Periods.” In The Archaeology of Southern Ontario to A.D. 1650, ed. C. J. Ellis and N. Ferris. London, ONT: London Chapter, Ontario Archaeological Society, 125–169.

    Google Scholar 

References

  • Bryson, Reid, and Christine Padoch (1981). “On the Climates of History.” In Climate and History: Studies in Interdisciplinary History, ed. R. I. Rotberg and T. K. Rabb. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 3–17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chapman, L. J., and D. F. Putnam (1984). The Physiography of Southern Ontario, 3d ed. Toronto: Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Geological Survey, special vol. 2.

    Google Scholar 

  • Finlayson, William D. (1977). The Saugeen Culture: A Middle Woodland Manifestation in Southwestern Ontario. Ottawa: National Museum of Man, Archaeological Survey of Canada, Mercury Series 61.

    Google Scholar 

  • McAndrews, John H. (1994). “Pollen Diagrams for Southern Ontario Applied to Archaeology.” In Great Lakes Archaeology and Paleoecology: Exploring Interdisciplinary Initiatives for the Nineties, ed. R. I. MacDonald. Waterloo, ONT: Quaternary Sciences Institute, 179–195.

    Google Scholar 

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    Google Scholar 

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    Google Scholar 

  • Chapman, L. J., and D. F. Putnam (1984). The Physiography of Southern Ontario, 3d ed. Toronto: Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Geological Survey, special vol. 2.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crawford, Gary W., David G. Smith, Joseph R. Desloges, and Anthony M. Davis (1998). “Floodplains and Agricultural Origins: A Case Study in South-Central Ontario.” Journal of Field Archaeology 28: 123–137.

    Google Scholar 

  • McAndrews, John H. (1994). “Pollen Diagrams for Southern Ontario Applied to Archaeology.” In Great Lakes Archaeology and Paleoecology: Exploring Interdisciplinary Initiatives for the Nineties, ed. R. I. MacDonald. Waterloo, ONT: Quaternary Sciences Institute, 179–195.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rowe, J. S. (1972). Forest Regions of Canada. Ottawa: Department of the Environment, Canadian Forestry Service Publication, no. 1300.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, David G. (1997). “Radiocarbon Dating the Middle to Late Woodland Transition and Earliest Maize in Southern Ontario.” Northeast Anthropology 54: 37–73.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, David G., and Gary W. Crawford (1997). “Recent Developments in the Archaeology of the Princess Point Complex in Southern Ontario.” Canadian Journal of Archaeology 21: 9–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walker, Ian J., Joseph R. Desloges, Gary W. Crawford, and David G. Smith (1997). “Floodplain Formation Processes and Archaeological Implications, Lower Grand River, Southern Ontario.” Geoarchaeology 12: 865–887.

    Article  Google Scholar 

References

  • Bryson, Reid, and Christine Padoch (1981). “On the Climates of History.” In Climate and History. Studies in Interdisciplinary History, ed. R. I. Rotberg and T. K. Rabb. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 3–17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chapman, L. J., and D. F. Putnam (1984). The Physiography of Southern Ontario, 3d ed. Toronto: Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Geological Survey, special vol. 2.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnston, Richard B. (1968). The Archaeology of the Serpent Mounds Site. Toronto: Royal Ontario Museum, Art and Archaeology, Occasional Paper 10.

    Google Scholar 

  • McAndrews, John H. (1994). “Pollen Diagrams for Southern Ontario Applied to Archaeology.” In Great Lakes Archaeology and Paleoecology: Exploring Interdisciplinary Initiatives for the Nineties, ed. R. I. MacDonald. Waterloo, ONT: Quaternary Sciences Institute, 179–195.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rowe, J. S. (1972). Forest Regions of Canada. Ottawa: Department of the Environment, Canadian Forestry Service Publication, no. 1300.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spence, Michael W., William D. Finlayson, and Robert H. Pihl (1979). “Hopewellian Influences on Middle Woodland Cultures in Southern Ontario.” In Hopewell Archaeology: The Chillicothe Conference, ed. D. S. Brose and N. Greber. Kent: Kent State University Press, 115–121.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spence, Michael W., Robert H. Pihl, and J. Eldon Molto (1984). “Hunter-Gatherer Social Group Identification: A Case Study from Middle Woodland Southern Ontario.” In Exploring the Limits: Frontiers and Boundaries in Prehistory, ed. S. P. De Atley and F. J. Findlow. Oxford: British Archaeological Reports, International Series 223, 117–142.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spence, Michael W., Robert H. Pihl, and Carl R. Murphy (1990). “Cultural Complexes of the Early and Middle Woodland Periods.” In The Archaeology of Southern Ontario to A.D. 1650, ed. C. J. Ellis and N. Ferris. London, ONT: London Chapter, Ontario Archaeological Society, 125–169.

    Google Scholar 

References

  • Bryson, Reid, and Christine Padoch (1981). “On the Climates of History.” In Climate and History: Studies in Interdisciplinary History, ed. R. I. Rotberg and T. K. Rabb. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 3–17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chapman, L. J., and D. F. Putnam (1984). The Physiography of Southern Ontario, 3d ed. Toronto: Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Geological Survey, special vol. 2.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ritchie, William A. (1980). The Archaeology of New York State, 3d ed. Harrison, NY: Harbor Hill Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ritchie, William A., and Robert E. Funk (1973). Aboriginal Settlement Patterns in the Northeast. Albany: New York State Museum and Science Service, Memoir 20.

    Google Scholar 

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

    David Smith

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  1. David Smith
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Lawrence University, Appleton, Wisconsin, USA

    Peter N. Peregrine

  2. Human Relations Area Files/Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA

    Melvin Ember

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Smith, D. (2001). Northeast Middle Woodland. In: Peregrine, P.N., Ember, M. (eds) Encyclopedia of Prehistory. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0523-5_39

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0523-5_39

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