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Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Disease pp 597–617Cite as

Magnetic Resonance in the Assessment and Development of Surgical Strategies for Protecting the Brain During Cardiovascular Surgery

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Part of the book series: Progress in Experimental Cardiology ((PREC,volume 10))

Summary

Neurological and neuropsychological impairments are important sequelae of cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass, particularly aortic arch surgery requiring circulatory arrest. The nature of the underlying brain injuries remains poorly understood. Hypothermic circulatory arrest is commonly used for brain protection during aortic arch surgery, but the safe duration of this technique is limited. Other techniques used for brain protection have been proposed and used clinically. However, none of the techniques is completely satisfactory. Precise, and preferably quantitative, definition of the localization and nature of the underlying injuries is a precondition for rigorous evaluation of the efficacy of prophylactic measures. Magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy and imaging are unique, non-invasive tools that are amenable to repetitive monitoring of the anatomical, biochemical and physiological status of the brain. The ability of magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging to detect physiological and pathological changes in the brain is described. Results of serial experiments studying the biochemical and physiological sequelae of various selective brain perfusion techniques in an in vivo pig model are presented. MR imaging can provide non-invasive information on physiological and pathological changes and MR spectroscopy can follow changes in metabolism and intracellular pH in the brain in various body perfusion situations. The combined information can help understand the nature of underlying brain injuries and develop better surgical strategies for protecting the brain during cardiovascular surgery.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Biodiagnostics, National Research Council of Canada, 435 Ellice Ave., R3B 1Y6, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

    Jian Ye MD, Luojia Yang & Roxanne Deslauriers

  2. Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada

    Jian Ye MD, Luojia Yang & Roxanne Deslauriers

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  1. Jian Ye MD
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  2. Luojia Yang
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  3. Roxanne Deslauriers
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Correspondence to Jian Ye MD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences St. Boniface General Hospital Research Centre Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada

    Naranjan S. Dhalla PhD, MD (Hon), DSc (Hon) (Distinguished Professor and Director) (Distinguished Professor and Director)

  2. Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany

    Heinz Rupp PhD (Professor of Medicine) (Professor of Medicine)

  3. Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada

    Aubie Angel MD (Professor of Internal Medicine) (Professor of Internal Medicine)

  4. Division of Stroke & Vascular Disease St. Boniface General Hospital Research Centre Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada

    Grant N. Pierce PhD, FACC (Professor & Director) (Professor & Director)

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Ye, J., Yang, L., Deslauriers, R. (2004). Magnetic Resonance in the Assessment and Development of Surgical Strategies for Protecting the Brain During Cardiovascular Surgery. In: Dhalla, N.S., Rupp, H., Angel, A., Pierce, G.N. (eds) Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Disease. Progress in Experimental Cardiology, vol 10. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0453-5_41

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0453-5_41

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-5084-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-0453-5

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