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Stress Responses in Cyanobacteria

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Modern Trends in Applied Aquatic Ecology

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Abstract

Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) are phylogenetically a primitive group of Gram-negative prokaryotes, being the only bacteria to possess higher plant-type oxygenic photosynthesis. Fossil evidence dates their appearance to the Precambrian era (between 2.8 and 3.5 × 109 years ago). At that time, they were probably the main primary producers of organic matter and the first organisms to release oxygen into the then- oxygen-free atmosphere. Thus cyanobacteria were responsible for a major global evolutionary transformation leading to the development of aerobic metabolism and the subsequent rise of higher plant and animal forms (Walter et al., 1992; Schopf, 1993; Pace, 1997). As a group, cyanobacteria are thought to have survived a wide spectrum of environmental stresses, such as heat, cold, drought, salinity, nitrogen starvation, photooxidation, anaerobiosis, and osmotic and ultraviolet radiation stress (Fay, 1992; Tandeau de Marsac & Houmard, 1993; Sinha and Häder 1996a). The cosmopolitan distribution of cyanobacteria, ranging from hot springs to Antarctic and Arctic regions; their colonization of oceans, lakes, rivers, and various soils; and their presence as symbiotic organisms in fungi and plants demand high variability in adapting to diverse environmental factors.

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  1. Institute for Botany and Pharmaceutical Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University, Staudtstraße 5, D-91058, Erlangen, Fed. Rep. Germany

    Rajeshwar P. Sinha

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  1. Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India

    R. S. Ambasht  & Navin K. Ambasht  & 

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Sinha, R.P. (2003). Stress Responses in Cyanobacteria. In: Ambasht, R.S., Ambasht, N.K. (eds) Modern Trends in Applied Aquatic Ecology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0221-0_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0221-0_9

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