Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Other medications used for insomnia

  • Chapter
Sleep

Abstract

Pharmacological treatment for insomnia is far from being restricted to prescribing hypnotics. Hypnotics are often ineffective in fact (tolerance effect), or even dangerous (in unsuspected cases of sleep apnoea) and may lead to problems of over-consumption and dependence. It must be remembered that since the international consensus conference in Bethesda [11], hypnotics can no longer be prescribed for more than three weeks. A number of other families of psychotropic medication can be used as treatment for insomnia: the foremost is the antidepressants, but others include the centrally active antihistamines, L tryptophan and plant extracts.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. ADAM K., OSWALD I. - The hypnotic effects of an antihistamine: promethazine. Br. J. Clin. Pharmac., 22, 715-717,1986.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. BALDERER G., BORBELY A. - Effect of valerian on human sleep. Psychopharmacology, 87, 406-409, 1985.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. BERRY R.B., YAMAURA E.M., GILL K., REIST C. - Acute effects of paroxetine on genioglosse activity in obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep, 22, 1087-1092, 1999.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. BESSET A., BILLIARD M., BRISSAUD L., TOUCHON J. - Effects of toloxatone on sleep architecture. 9th European Congress of Sleep Research, Jérusalem, Septembre 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  5. BLOIS R., GAILLARD J.M. - Effects of moclobemide on sleep in healthy human subjects. Acta Psychiatr. Scand., S360,73-75, 1990.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. BONORA M., SAINT-JOHN W.M., BLEDSOE T.A. - Differential elevation by protriptyline and depression by diazepam of upper airway respiratory motor activity. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis., 131, 41-45, 1985.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. BORBELY A.A. - The S-defíciency hypothesis of depression and the two-process model of sleep regulation. Pharmacopsychiat., 20, 23-29, 1987.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. BORBELY A.A., YOUMBI-BALDERER G. - Effect of diphenhydramine on subjective sleep parameters and on motor activity during bedtime. Int. J. Clin. Pharmacology Therapy & Toxicology, 26, 8, 392-396, 1988.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. CAMPBELL S.S., GILLIN J.C., KRIPKE D.F., JANOWSKY D.S., RISCH S.C. - Lithium delays circadian phase of temperature and REM sleep in a bipolar depressive: a case report. Psychiatry Research, 27, 23-29, 1989.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. CHEN C.N. - Sleep, depression and antidepressants. Br. J. Psychiat., 135, 385-402, 1979.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. CONSENSUS CONFERENCE. Drugs and insomnia. The use of medications to promote sleep. JAMA, 251, 18, 2410-2414, 1984.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. DALY M.P. - Sleep disorders in the elderly. Primary care, 16, 2, 475-488, 1989.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. DECLERCK A.C., WAUQUIER H.M., VAN DER HAMVELTMAN, GELDERS Y. - Increase of slow wave sleep in human volunteers by the serotonin S2 antagonist ritanserin. Curr. Ther. Res., 41, 427-432, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  14. DUK D.J.., CAJOCHEN C. - Melatonin and the circadian regulation of sleep initiation, consolidation, structure and the sleep EEG. J. Biol. Rhythms, 12, 627-635, 1997.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. DI PERRI R., MAILLANO F., BRAMANTI P. - The effect of amineptine on the mood and nocturnal sleep of depressed patients. Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacol. & Biol. Psychiat., 11, 65-70, 1986.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. DUNBAR G.C., HUGUES L.S. - A review of the effects of paroxetine, a new selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, on sleep in healthy volunteers and depressed patients. Sleep Res., 20A, 130, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  17. FEUILLADE P., PRINGUEY D., BELUGOU J.L., ROBERT P., DARCOURT G. - Trimipramine: acute and lasting effects on sleep in healthy and major depressive subjects. J. Affective Dis., 24, 135-146, 1992.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. GARFINKEL D., LAUDON M., NOF D., ZISAPEL N.- Improvement of sleep quality in elderly people by controlled-release melatonin. Lancet, 346, 541-546, 1995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. GEORGE C.F.P., MILLAR T.W., HANLY P.J., KRYGER M.H. - The effect of L-tryptophan on daytime sleep in normals: correlation with blood levels. Sleep, 12, 345-353, 1989.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. GILLIN J.C., BYERLEY W.F. - The diagnosis and management of insomnia. New Engl. J. Med., 322, 239-248, 1990.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. GOLDENBERG F., BOUR F. - Effects of S-adenosyl-homocysteine on human sleep: polygraphic study. Sleep Res., 16,90, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  22. GOLDENBERG F., PLOUIN P., LEYGONIE A. - Ambulatory polygraphic study of amoxapine effect in poor sleepers. In: Sleep 1988, J. Home (ed.), Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, New York, 214-216, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  23. HAIMOV I., LAVIE P., LAUDON M., HERER P., VIGDER C., ZISAPEL N. - Melatonin replacement therapy of elderly insomniacs. Sleep, 21, 52-68, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  24. HARTMANN E., CRAVENS J. - The effects of long term administration of psychotropic drugs on human sleep. V. The effects of chloral hydrate. Psychopharmacologia, 33, 219-232, 1973.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. HERMANN-MAURER E.K., ERNST A., SCHNEIDER-HELMERT D., ZIMMERMANN A., SCHOENENBERGER G.A. - Effects of DSIP-therapy on memory in chronic insomnia. Sleep Res., 18, 53, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  26. HOECHLI D., RIEMANN D., ZULLEY J., BERGER M. - Initial REM sleep suppression by clomipramine: a prognostic tool for treatment response in patients with a major depressive disorder. Biol. Psychiatry, 21, 1217-1220, 1986.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. HOHAGEN F., MONTERO R.F., WEISS E., LIS S., DRESSING H., RIEMANN D., BERGER M. - Treatment of primary insomnia with trimipramine: an alternative to benzodiazepine hypnotics? Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosc., 244, 65-72, 1994.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. HUGHES R.J., SACK R.L., LEWY A.J. - The role of melatonin and circadian phase in age-related sleep-maintenance insomnia: assessment in a clinical trial of melatonin replacement. Sleep, 21, 52-68, 1998.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. IDZIKOWSKI C., JAMES R., BURTON S.W. - Human SWS is increased dose-dependently by seganserin and ritanserin. Sleep Res., 18, 55, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  30. IDZIKOWSKI C., MILLS F.J., GLENNARD R. - 5-hydroxytryptamine-2 antagonist increases human slow wave sleep. Brain Res., 378, 164-168, 1986.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. JOBERT M., JÄHNIG P., SCHULZ H. - Effect of two antidepressant drugs on REM sleep and EMG activity during sleep. Neuropsychobiology, 39, 101-109, 1999.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. JOVANOVIC U.J. - Die Einwirkung von Chloral-hydrat auf Schlafstörungen bei psychosomatischen Patienten. Nervenheilkunde, 11, 350-358, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  33. KALES A., BIXLER E.O., KALES J.D., SCHARF M.B. - Comparative effectiveness of nine hypnotic drugs: sleep laboratory study. J. Clin. Pharm., 17, 207-213, 1977.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. KALES A., KALES J.D., SCHARF M.B., TAN T.L. - Hypnotics and altered sleep-dream patterns. II. All-night EEG studies of chloral hydrate, flurazepam, and methaqualone. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry, 23, 219-225, 1970.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. KALES A., MALSTROM E.J., SCHARF M.B., RUBIN R.T. - Psychophysiological and biochemical changes following use and withdrawal of hypnotics. In: Sleep, Physiology and Pathology, A. Kales (ed.), J.B. Lippincott, Philadelphia, 331-343, 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  36. KALES A., MALSTROM E.J., TAN T.L. - Drugs and dreaming. In: Progress in Clinical Psychology, E. Abt, B.F. Riess (eds.), Grune & Stratton, New York, 154-167, 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  37. KAYED K., HANSEN T., GODTLIBSEN O.B. - Controlled clinical investigation of trimeprazine as a sleep-inducer in normal subjects. Europ. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 11, 163-167, 1977.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. KELLER M.B. - The long-term treatment of depression. J. Clin. Psychiatry, 60 (S17), 41-45, 1999.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. KERKHOFS M., RIELAERT C., DE MAERTELAER V., LINKOWSKI P., CZARKA M., MENDLEWICZ J. - Fluoxetine in major depression: efficacy, safety and effects on sleep polygraphic variables. Int. Clin. Psychopharmacoi., 5, 253-260, 1990.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. KRAICZI H., HEDNER J., EJNELL H., CARLSON J. - Effect of serotonin uptake inhibition on breathing during sleep and daytime symptoms in obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep, 22, 61-67, 1999.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. KRAMER C. - Methaqualone and chloral hydrate: preliminary comparison in geriatric patients. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc.,15,455-461, 1967.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. KUMAR A., VAN DE WIEL B., BRUINS J., SCHNEIDER-HELMERT D. - Effects of DSIP on human sleep, memory and performance. Sleep. Res., 15, 25, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  43. KUPFER D.J., EHLERS C.L., FRANK E., GROCHOCINSKI V.J., McEACHRAN A.B., BUHARI A. Persistent effects of antidepressants: EEG sleep studies in depressed patients during maintenance treatment. Biol. Psychiatry, 35, 781-793, 1994.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. KUPFER D.J., EHLERS C.J., POLLOCK B.J., NATHAN R.S., PEREL J.M. - Clomipramine and EEG sleep in depression. Psychiatry Res., 30, 165-180, 1989.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. KUPFER D.J., FRANK E., PEREL J.M., CORNES C., MALLINGER A.G., THASE M.E., McEACHRAN A.B., GROCHOCINSKI V.J. - Five year outcome for maintenance therapies in recurrent depression. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry, 49, 769-773, 1994

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. KUPFER D.J., PEREL J., POLLOCK B.J., NATHAN R.S., GROCHOCINSKI V.J., WILSON M.J., MCEACHRAN A.B. - Fluvoxamine versus desipramine: comparative polysomnographic effects. Biol. Psychiatry, 29, 23-40, 1991.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. KUPFER D.J., SPIKER D.G., COBLE P., MCPARTLAND R.J. - Amitriptyline and EEG sleep in depressed patients. I. Drug effect. Sleep, 1, 2, 149-159, 1978.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. KUPFER D.J., SPIKER D.G., COBLE P.A., NEIL J.F., ULRICH R., SHAW D.H. - Sleep and treatment prediction in endogenous depression. Am. J. Psychiatry, 138, 429-434, 1981.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. KUPFER D.J., WYATT R.J., GREENSPAN K., SCOTT J., SNYDER F. - Lithium carbonate and sleep in affective illness. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry, 23, 35-40, 1970.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. LEATHWOOD P.D., CHAUFFARD F., HECK E., MUNOZ-BOX R. - Aqueous extract of valerian root improves sleep quality in man. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav., 17, 65-71, 1982.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. LEVY A.B., BUCHER P., VOTOLATO N. - Myoclonus, hyperreflexia and diaphoresis in patients on phenelzine-tryptophan combination treatment. Can. J. Psychiatry, 30, 434-436, 1985.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. LILLYWHITE A.R., WILSON S.J., NUTT D.J. - Successful treatment of night terrors and somnambulism with paroxetine. Br. J. Psychiatry, 164, 551-554, 1994.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. LINDAHL O., LINDWALL L. - Double blind study of a valerian preparation. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav., 32, 1065-1066, 1989.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. LINNOILA M., VIUKARI M., NUMMINEN A., AUVINEN J. - Efficacy and side effects of chloral hydrate and tryptophane as sleeping aids in psychogeriatric patients. Int. Pharmaco-psychiat., 15, 124-128, 1980.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. LUTHRINGER R., TOUSSAINT M., SCHALTENBRAN N., BAILEY P., DANJOU P.H., HACKETT D., GUICHOUX J.Y., MACHER J.P. - A double-blind, placebo-controlled evaluation of the effects of orally administered venlafaxine on sleep in inpatients with major depression. Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 32, 637-646, 1996.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. MCFARLANE J.G., CLEGHORN J.M., BROWN G.M., STREINER D.L. - The effects of exogenous melatonin on the total sleep time and daytime alertness of chronic insomniacs: a preliminary study. Biol. Psychiatry, 30, 371-376, 1991.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. MARTIN P., PUECH A.J. - Antagonism by benzodiazepines of the effects of serotonin-but not norepinephrine-uptake blockers in the learned-helplessness paradigm in rats. Biol. Psychiatry, 39, 882-890, 1996.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. MATHIAS S., WETTER T.C., STEIGER A., LANCEL M. - The GABA uptake inhibitor tiagabine promotes slow wave sleep in normal elderly subjects. Neurobiol. Aging, 22, 247-253, 2001.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. MEULEMAN J.R., NELSON R.C., CLARK R.L. JR. - Evaluation of temazepan and diphenhydramine as hypnotics in a nursing-home population. Drugs Intelligence & Clinical Pharmacy, 21, 716-720, 1987.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. MIDDLETON B.A., STONE B.M., ARENDT J. - Melatonin and fragmented sleep patterns. Lancet, 348, 551-552, 1996.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. MILBURN D.S., MYERS C.W. - Tryptophan toxicity: a pharmacoepidemiologic review of eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome. DICP Ann Pharmacother. 25, 1259-1262, 1991.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. MONTGOMERY I., OSWALD l., MORGAN K., ADAM K. - Trazodone enhances sleep in subjective quality but not in objective duration. Br. J. Clin. Pharmac., 16, 139-144, 1983.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. MONTGOMERY S.A., REIMITZ P.E., ZIVKOV M. - Mirtazapine versus amitryptiline in the long-term treatment of depression: a double-blind placebo-controlled study. Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol., 13, 63-73, 1998

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. MONTI J.M., ALTERWAIN P., MONTI D. - The effects of moclobemide on nocturnal sleep of depressed patients. J. Affective Disorders, 20, 201-208, 1990.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. MONTI J.M., ALVARINO F., CARDINALI D., SAVIO I., PINTOS A. - Polysomnographic study of the effect of melatonin on sleep in elderly patients with chronic primary insomnia. Archives Gerontology Genetics. 28, 85-98, 1999.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. MORAN M.G., THOMPSON II T.L., NIES A.S. - Sleep disorders in the elderly. Am. J. Psychiatry, 145, 1369-1378, 1988.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. MORGAN K., OSWALD I., BORROW S., ADAM K. - Effects of a single dose of mianserin on sleep. Br. J. Clin. Pharmac., 10, 525-527, 1980.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. MOURET J., LEMOINE P., MINUIT M.P., RENARDET M. - Intérêt des études polygraphiques du sommeil dans le suivi des traitements antidépresseurs. Application à la trazodone. Psychiatr. & Psychobiol., 3, 29-36, 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  69. MOURET J., LEMOINE P., MINUIT M.P., SANCHEZ P., TAILLARD J. - Sleep polygraphic effects of trimipramine in depressed patients. Preliminary report. Drugs, 38 (suppl. 1), 14-18, 1989.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. NICHOLSON A.N., PASCOE P.A. - Studies on the modulation of the sleep-wakefulness continuum in man by fluoxetine, a 5-HT uptake inhibitor. Neuropharmacology, 27, 597-602, 1988.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. NIERENBERG A.A., ADLER L.A., PESELOW E., ZORNBERG G., ROSENTHAL M. - Trazodone for anti-depressant associated insomnia. Am. J. Psychiatry, 151, 1069-1072, 1994.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. NOWELL P.D., REYNOLDS C.F., BUYSSE D.J., DEW M.A., KUPFER D.J. - Paroxetine in the treatment of age-related sleep disturbances with prolonged intranasal vasopressin. J. Clin. Psychiatry, 60, 89-95, 1999.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. OSWALD I., ADAM K. - Effects of paroxetine on human sleep. Br. J. Clin. Pharmac., 22, 97-99, 1986.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. PARRINO L., BARUSI R., SIMEONI S., TERZANO M.G. - Polysomnographic monitoring of insomnia under trazodone treatment. J. Sleep Res., 1, S1, 171, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  75. PERRAS B., PANNENBORG H., PIETROWSKY R., BORN J., FEHM H.L. - Beneficial treatment of age-related sleep disturbances with prolonged intranasal vasopressin. J. Clin. Psychophamacol., 19, 28-36, 1999.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. PRINGUEY D., FEUILLADE P., BELUGOU J.L., TALI-CHET L., DARCOURT G. - Acute response of sleep endogenous depressive pattern to a single-dose test of antidepressant: Biological predictive value. J. Sleep Res., 1, S1, 185, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  77. REGESTEIN Q.R. - Specific effects of sedative/hypnotic drugs in the treatment of incapacitating chronic insomnia. Am. J. Med., 83, 909-916, 1987.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. REYNOLDS C.F., BUYSSE D.J., KUPFER D.J. - Treating insomnia in older adults. Taking a long term view. JAMA, 281, 1034-1035, 1999.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. REYNOLDS C.F., KUPFER D.J. - Sleep research in affective illness: State of the art circa 1987 (State-of-the-art review). Sleep, 10, 199-215, 1987.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  80. RICKELS K., GINSBERG J., MORRIS R.J., NEWMAN H.M., SCHILLER H.M., WEINSTOCK R.M., SCHILLING A.E. - Doxyl-amine succinate in insomniac family practice patients: a double blind study. Curr. Ther. Res., 35, 532-540, 1984.

    Google Scholar 

  81. RICKELS K., MORRIS R.J., NEWMAN H., ROSENFELD H., SCHILLER H., WEINSTOCK R. -Diphenhydramine in insomniac family practice patients: a double-blind study. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 23, 235-242, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  82. RISBERG A.M., RISBERG J., INGVAR D.H. - Effects of promethazine on nocturnal sleep in normal man. Psychopharmacologia (Berl.), 43, 279-284, 1975.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. ROEHRS T.A., TIETZ E.I., ZORICK F.J., ROTH T. - Day-time sleepiness and antihistamines. Sleep, 7, 137-141, 1984.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. ROTH T., ROEHRS T., KOSHOREK G., SICKLESTEEL J., ZORICK F. - Central effects of antihistamines. Sleep Res., 15, 43, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  85. RUIZ-PRIMO E., HARO R., VALENCIA M. - Polysomnographic effects of ritanserin in insomniacs: a crossed double-blind controlled study. Sleep Res., 18, 72, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  86. RUSH A.J., GILES D.E., JARRETT R.B., FELDMAN-KOFFLER F., DEBUS J.R., WEISSENBURGER J., ORSULAK P.J., ROFFWARG H.P. - Reduced REM latency predicts response to tricyclic medication in depressed outpatients. Biol. Psychiatry, 26, 61-72, 1989.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. RUSSO R.M., GURURAJ V.J., ALLEN J.E. - The effectiveness of diphenhydramine HC1 in pediatric sleep disorders. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 16, 284-288, 1976.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. RUTHER E., LUND L., GRUBER A. - Chronic insomnia in a psychiatric outpatient clinic. In: Sleep 1984, W.P. Koella, E. Rüther, H. Schulz (eds.), Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, New York, 53-55, 1985.

    Google Scholar 

  89. SALETU B., FREY R., KRUPKA M., ANDERER P., GRUNBERGER J., SEE W.R. - Sleep laboratory studies on the single-dose of serotonin reuptake inhibitors paroxetine and fluoxetine on human sleep and awakening qualities. Sleep, 14, 439-447, 1991.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. SCHADECK B., CHELLY M., AMSELLEM D., COHEN A., PERAUDEAU P., SCHECK F. - Effícacité comparative de la doxylamine (15 mg) et du zolpidem (10 mg) dans le traitement de l’insomnie commune. Une étude contrôlée versus placebo. Sem. Hôp. Paris, 13-14, 428-439, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  91. SCHENK C.H., BUNDLIE S.R., PATTERSON A.L., MAHOWALD M.W. - Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder. A treatable parasomnia affecting older adults. JAMA, 257, 13, 1786-1789, 1987.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  92. SCHENK C.H., MAHOWALD M.W., KIM S.W., O’CONNOR K.A., HURWITZ T.D. - Prominent eye movements during NREM sleep and REM sleep behavior disorder associated with fluoxetine treatment of depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Sleep, 15, 226-235, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  93. SCHLÖSSER R., RÖSCHKE J., ROSSBACH W., BENKERT O. - Conventional and spectral power analysis of all-night sleep EEG after subchronic treatment with paroxetine in healthy male volunteers. Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol., 8 ; 273-278, 1998

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  94. SCHNEIDER-HELMERT D. - Efficacy of DSIP to normalise sleep in middle-aged and elderly chronic insomniacs. Eur. Neurol., 25, 448-453, 1986.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. SCHULZ P. - La psychopharmacologie du sommeil chez la personne âgée. Méd. et Hyg., 46, 3341-3343, 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  96. SCHULZ H., STOLZ C., MÜLLER J. - The effect of valerian extract on sleep polygraphy in poor sleepers: a pilot study. Pharmacopsychiat., 27, 147-151, 1994.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. SEIDEL W.F., COHEN S., BLIWISE N.G., DEMENT W.C. - Direct measurement of daytime sleepiness after administration of cetirizine and hydroxyzine with a standardized electroencephalographic assessment. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 86, 1029-1033, 1990.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. SERIES F., MARC I. - Effects of protriptyline on snoring characteristics. Chest, 104, 14-18, 1993.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. SHAFFER J.I., TALLMAN J.B., BOECKER M.R., NEEB M.J., MAHAJAN V.K. - A report on the PLM suppressing properties of serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Sleep Res., 24, 347, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  100. SHARLEY A.L., WILLIAMSON D.J., ATTENBUR-ROW M.E.J., PEARSON G., SARGENT P., COWEN P.J. - The effects of paroxetine and nefazodone on sleep: a placebo controlled trial. Psychopharmacology, 126, 50-54, 1996.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  101. SHARPLEY A.L., WALSH A.E.S., COWEN P.J. - Nefazodone - a novel antidepressant - may increase REM sleep. Biol. Psychiatry, 31, 1070-1073, 1992.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. SPIEGEL R., ALLEN S.R. - Die Wirkung eines nicht rezeptpflichtigen Schlafmittels auf das Schlafþolygramm gesunder Probanden. Schweiz. Rundschau Med. (Praxis), 73, 169-173, 1984.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. SPINWEBER C.L., URSIN R., HILBERT R.P., HILDERBRAND R.L. - L-tryptophan: effects on daytime sleep latency and the waking EEG. Electroenceph. Clin. Neurophysioi, 55, 652-661, 1983.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. STANER L., KERKHOFS M., DETROUX D., BOUILLON E., DE LA FUENTE J.M., LINKOWSKI P., MENDLEWICZ J. - A double-blind comparison of the effects of paroxetine and amitriptyline on sleep EEG in patients with major depression. J. Sleep Res., 7, S1, 218, 1992

    Google Scholar 

  105. STANER L., KERKHOFS M., DETROUX D., LEYMAN S., LINKOWSKI P., MENDELWICZ J. - Acute, subchronic and withdrawal sleep EEG changes during treatment with paroxetine and amitriptyline: a double-blind randomized trial in major depression. Sleep, 18, 470-477, 1995.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. STEIGER A., BENKERT O., WOEHRMANN S., STEINSEIFER D., HOLSBOER F. - Effects of trimipramine on sleep EEG, penile tumescence and nocturnal hormonal secretion. A long term study in 3 normal controls. Neuropsychobiology, 21, 71-75, 1989.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. STEINER W., FONTAINE R. - Toxic reaction following the combined administration of fluoxetine and Ltryptophan: five case reports. Biol. Psychiatry, 21, 1067-1071, 1986.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. SUNSHINE A., ZIGHELBOIM I., LASKA E. - Hypnotic activity of diphenhydramine, methapyrilene and placebo. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 75, 425-431, 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  109. TEUTSCH G., MAHLER D.L., BROWN C.R., FORREST W.H. JR., JAMES K.E., BROWN B.W. - Hypnotic efficacy of diphenhydramine, methapyrilene and pentobarbital. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 17, 195-201, 1975.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. TOUCHON J. - Antidepressant drugs and insomnia. In: Biological Psychiatry 1985, C. Shagass, R.C. Josiassen, W.H. Bridger, K.J. Weiss, D. Stoff, G.M. Simpson (eds.),1985.

    Google Scholar 

  111. TOUCHON J. - Antidepressant drugs and insomnia., Development in Psychiatry, vol. 7, Elsevier, 1002-1004, 1985.

    Google Scholar 

  112. VAN BEMMEL A.L., VAN DEN HOOFDAKKER R.H., BEERSMA D.G., BOUHUYS A.L. - Changes in sleep polygraphic variables and clinical state in depressed patients during treatment with citalopram. Psychopharmacology, 113, 225-230, 1993.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  113. VOGEL G., COHEN J., MULLIS D., KENSLER T., KAPLITA S. - Nefazodone and REM sleep. How do antidepressant drugs decrease sleep ? Sleep, 21, 70-77, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  114. WARE J.C., BROWN F.W., MOORAD P.J. JR., PITTARD J.T., COBERT B. - Effects on sleep: a double-blind study comparing trimipramine to imipramine in depressed insomniac patients. Sleep, 12, 537-549, 1989.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. WARE J.C., PITTARD J.T. - Increased deep sleep after trazodone use: a double-blind placebo-controlled study in healthy young adults. J. Clin. Psychiatry, 51, 9 (suppl), 18-22, 1990.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  116. WALSH J.K., SCHWEITZER P.K. - Ten year trends in the pharmacological treatment of insomnia. Sleep, 22, 371-375, 1999.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. WIEGAND M., BERGER M. - Action of trimipramine in sleep and pituitary hormone secretion. Drugs 38 (suppl. 1), 35-42, 1989.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. WHYTE K.F., GOULD G.A., AIRLIE M.A.A., SHA-PIRO C.M., DOUGLAS N.J. - Role of protriptyline and acetazomalide in the sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome. Sleep, 11, 5, 463-472, 1988.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. YOUNGSTEDT S.D., KRIPKE D.F., ELLIOTT J.A. - Melatonin excretion is not related to sleep in the elderly. J. Pineal Res. 24, 142-145, 1998.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de Sommeil, Hôpital Henti Mondor, Créteil, France

    F. Goldenberg

Authors
  1. F. Goldenberg
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France

    Michel Billiard

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2003 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Goldenberg, F. (2003). Other medications used for insomnia. In: Billiard, M. (eds) Sleep. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0217-3_22

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0217-3_22

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-4970-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-0217-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation