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A Role for Glutamate Transporters in Neurodegenerative Diseases

  • Chapter
Molecular and Cellular Biology of Neuroprotection in the CNS

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 513))

Abstract

In the mammalian central nervous system (CNS) L-glutamic acid acts as a chemical transmitter of excitatory signals. L-glutamate is released in the synaptic cleft and activates a multitude of highly integrated signaling pathways by binding to an array of iono-and metabotropic glutamate receptors. The termination of this chemical neurotransmission occurs via uptake of glutamate by specialized carrier proteins. The reuptake mechanism is capable of maintaining glutamate at levels below 1 p.M in the synaptic cleft. Cells in the CNS possess unique Na+- and K+-coupled transporters with high affinity for glutamate.1 These glutamate transporters are distinct from the recently identified vesicular glutamate transporters, which belong to the family of Na+/phosphate and sulphate transporters.

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  1. DepartmentofNeurology, Cecil B. Day Laboratory for Neuromuscular Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129

    Davide Trotti

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  1. Davide Trotti
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  1. Institute of Physiology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany

    Christian Alzheimer

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Trotti, D. (2003). A Role for Glutamate Transporters in Neurodegenerative Diseases. In: Alzheimer, C. (eds) Molecular and Cellular Biology of Neuroprotection in the CNS. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 513. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0123-7_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0123-7_8

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-4934-1

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