Abstract
Symmetry properties establish the invariance of a system to a given set of transformations. Physicists assign special meaning whenever symmetry is broken in nature; for example, groups of symmetry have been used to explain and predict the spatial organization of atoms in a crystal. Psychologists consider relevant the property of symmetry in the perception of visual signals. The paper will briefly describe different approaches, introduced in computer vision, to measure symmetry. A review of some applications at the Computer Vision Group (Department of Mathematics and Applications of Palermo University) is presented. They regard attentive visual processing, the analysis of faces, the recognition of object, and the analysis of texture.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
F.J.Canny, “Finding edges and lines in images”, IEEE Trans, on PAMI, Vol.8, No.6, pp.167–180, 1986.
H.Blum and R.N.Nagel, “Shape description using weighted symmetric axis features”, Pattern recognition, Vol.10, pp.167–180, 1978.
M.Brady, H.Asada, “Smoothed Local Symmetries and their implementation”, The International Journal of Robotics Research, Vol.3, No.3, pp.36–61, 1984.
D.P.Mukhergee, A.Zisserman, M.Brady, “Shape form symmetry: detecting and exploiting symmetry in affine images”, Philosofical Transaction of Royal Society of London Academy, Vol.351, pp.77–101, 1995.
T.J.Chan, R.Cipolla, “Symmetry detection through local skewed symmetries”, Image and Vision Computing, Vol. 13, No.5, pp.439–455, 1995.
J.Sato, R.Cipolla, “Affine integral invariants for extracting symmetry axes”, Image and Vision Computing, Vol. 15, No.5, pp.627–635, 1997.
D.Reisfeld, H.Wolfson, H.Yeshurun, “Context free attentional operators: the generalized symmetry transform”, in Int. Journal of Computer Vision, Special Issue on Qualitative Vision, Vol. 14, pp. 119–130, 1995.
M.J.Atallah, “On symmetry detection”, IEEE Trans.of Computer, Vol.C-34, No.7, pp.663–666, 1985.
G.Marola, “On the detection of the exes of symmetry of symmetric and almost symmetric planar images”, IEEE Trans.of PAMI, Vol.ll, pp.104–108, 1989.
N.Kiryati, Y.Gofman, “Detecting symmetry in grey level images (the global optimization approach)”, preprint, 1997.
V.Di Gesù, C.Valenti, “Symmetry operators in computer vision”, in Vistas in Astronomy, Pergamon, Vol.40, No.4, pp.461–468,1996.
V.Di Gesù, C.Valenti, “Detection of regions of interest via the Pyramid Discrete Symmetry Transform”, in Advances in Computer Vision (Solina, Kropatsch, Klette and Bajcsy editors), Springer-Verlag, 1997.
V.Di Gesù, D.Intravaia, “A new approach to face analysis”, DMA-IR-05/98, University of Palermo,1998.
A. Chella, V.Di Gesù, I. Infantino, D. Intravaia, C. Valenti, “Cooperating Strategy for Objects Recognition”, in lecture Notes in Computer Science book “Shape, contour and grouping in computer vision”, Springer Verlag, 1999.
V.Di Gesù, C.Valenti, L.Strinati, “Local operators to detect regions of interest”, in Pattern Recognition Letters, Vol. 18, pp. 177–181, 1997.
S.O.Belkasim, M.Shridhar, and M.Ahmady, “Pattern recognition with moment invariants: a comparative study and new results” in Pattern recognition, Vol.24, N.12, pp.1117–1138, 1991.
A.Papoulis, “Probability, Random Variables, and Stochastic Processes”, McGraw-Hill, NY, 1965.
M.K.HU, “Visual pattern recognition by moment invariants”, IRE Trans. Information Theory, IT-8, pp. 179–187, 1962.
L.Uhr, “Layered Recognition Cone Networks that Preprocess, Classify and Describe”, IEEE Trans. Comput, C-21, 1972.
J.Aloimonos, I.Weiss, and Bandyopadhyay, “Active vision”, in Int. Journal of Computer Vision, Vol.l, No.4, pp.333–356, 1988.
J.K.Tsotsos, “The complessity of perceptual search tasks”, in Proc., IJCAI, 1571-1577, 1989.
M.F.Kelly and M.D.Levine, “From symmetry to representation”, Technical Report, TR-CIM-94-12, Center for Intelligent Machines. McGill University, Montreal, Canada, 1994.
J.M.Gauch and S.M.Pizer, “The intensity axis of symmetry application to image segmentation”, IEEE Trans. PAMI, Vol.15, N.8, 753–770, 1993.
A.Chella, V.Di Gesù, S.Gaglio, G.Gerardi, et.al., “DAISY: a Distributed Architecture for Intelligent SYstem”, proc. of IEEE conference CAMP’97, Boston, October 1997.
V.Bruce, “Recognizing faces”, Lowrence Erlbaum Associates, 1988.
J.H.Friedman and W.Stuetzle, “Projection pursuit regression”, in Journal American Statistics Association, Vol.76, pp.817–823, 1981.
N.Intrator, D.Reisfeld, H.Yeshurun, “Face recognition using a hybrid supervised / unsupervised network”, in Pattern Recognition Letters, Vol.17, N.l, pp.67–76, 1996.
R.J.Davidson and P.Ekman, “The nature of emotion: fundamental question”, New York, Oxford University Press, 1994.
J.A.Russel, “Is there universal recognition of emotion from facial expression? Our view of the cross-cultural studies”, Psychological Bulletin, N.115, pp.102–141, 1994.
D.Reisfeld and Y Yeshurun, “Preprocessing of face images: detection of features and pose normalization”, in CVIU, Vol.7l, No.3, pp.413–430, 1998.
PICS Database, freely available at pics.psych.stir.ac.uk.
V.Di Gesù, “Integrated Fuzzy Clustering”, in Fuzzy Sets and Systems, Vol.68, pp.293–308, 1994.
C.Pentland, B.Moghaddam, and T.Starner, “View-based and modular eigenspaces for face recognition”, in Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Conference, pp.84–91, IEEE Computer Society, 1994.
W.Khöler and H.Wallach, “Figural after-effects: an investigation of visual processes”, Proc. Amer. phil. Soc., Vol.88, 269–357, 1944.
M.Leyton, “Symmetry, Causality, Mind”, A Bradford Book, the MIT Press, 1992.
M.M.Gorkani, R.W.Picard, “Texture orientation for sorting photos at a glance”, Proc. 12th ICPR, vol.II, Jerusalem, pp.459–464, 1994.
AA.R.Rao, R.Jain, “Computerized flow fields analysis: Oriented Texture fields”, IEEE Trans. on PAMI, vol. 14, pp.693–709, 1992.
D.Chetverikov, “GLDH based analysis of texture anisotropy and symmetry: an experimental study”, Proc.12th ICPR, vol.II, Jerusalem, pp.444–448, 1994.
Y.Bonneh, D.Reisfeld and Y Yeshurun, “Quantification of local symmetry: application to texture discrimination”, in Spatial Vision, Vol.8, No.4, pp.515–530, 1944.
G.Kanizsa, “Margini quasi percettivi in campi con stimolazione omogenea”, Rivista di Psicologia, Vol.49, No.l, pp.7–30, 1955.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2002 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Di Gesù, V. (2002). Symmetry in Computer Vision. In: Cantoni, V., Marinaro, M., Petrosino, A. (eds) Visual Attention Mechanisms. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0111-4_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0111-4_15
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-4928-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-0111-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive