Abstract
The concept of homing tissue specialization and tissue-specific lymphocyte recirculation that is fundamental to acquired immunity raised from the demonstration, by Gowans and Knight in 1964, that circulating leukocytes enter secondary lymphoid organs at specialized endothelial sites (Picker and Butcher, 1992), which was the starting point for many studies to understand specificity of cell homing. T memory lymphocytes were first shown to be able to recirculate to tissues where they came from; further on, B immunoblasts were shown to migrate preferentially into mucosal tissues (for a review, see Kunkel and Butcher, 2002). The regio-selectivity is indeed favorable to perform an immune response (Butcher and Picker, 1996): it helps meetings between antigens and lymphocytes which carry the antigen specific receptor, reducing cross reactivity and allowing site specialization of the immune responses. Indeed, integration and control of systemic immune responses depend on the regulated trafficking of lymphocytes. Homing process disperses the immuno-logical repertoire, directs lymphocyte subsets to the specialized microenvironments that control their differentiation, regulates their survival, and targets immune effector cells to sites of antigenic or microbial invasion.
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Kieda, C., Dus, D. (2003). Endothelial Cell Glycosylation: Regulation and Modulation of Biological Processes. In: Axford, J.S. (eds) Glycobiology and Medicine. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 535. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0065-0_6
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