Abstract
A growing number of tuberculosis patients worldwide is also co-infected with HIV. This number is rising particularly rapidly in countries of sub-Saharan Africa but also in Southeast Asia (WHO/CDS/TB/2001). HIV-infected individuals have an increased risk of primary tuberculosis, a reactivation of tuberculosis, or a re-infection with tuberculosis (Small et al., 1993). The course of an HIV infection is negatively affected by co-infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Whalen et al., 1995) and vice versa. Treatment with anti-tuberculous agents and potent antiretroviral medication has positively changed the morbidity and mortality rates of this “cursed duet”. However, these drug regimes are complicated and expensive and often associated with numerous side effects. One class of side effects seen in HIV-positive patients, for example, is the paradoxical reaction caused by the restoration of the immune response by potent antiretroviral therapy coupled with anti-tuberculous agents for active tuberculosis.
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de Lange, W.C.M. (2003). Immune Reactivation and Paradoxical Worsening in an HIV-Infected Tuberculosis Patient. In: Marzuki, S., Verhoef, J., Snippe, H. (eds) Tropical Diseases. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 531. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0059-9_22
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0059-9_22
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