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Maintaining Stability and Promoting Plasticity: Context-Dependent Functions of Inhibition

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Excitatory-Inhibitory Balance

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Abstract

The central nervous system faces two paradoxical challenges: maintaining functional stability and adapting to new experience. Because many aspects of an animal’s environment are predictable, a stable operation of the neural networks in the brain is essential for generating reliable behaviors. Recent studies demonstrate that inhibition is critical in maintaining the stability of neuronal responses. It regulates synaptic gains thereby maintaining the homeostasis of local circuitries1–10. Changing the level of inhibition by pharmacological blockade or genetic manipulation results in epileptic malfunction of the brain11–15. Maturation of inhibition during development is associated with a dramatic decrease in the brain’s capacity for modification16–26.

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  1. The Neurosciences Institute, 10640 John J. Hopkins Dr, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA

    Weimin Zheng

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  1. RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako-shi, Japan

    Takao K. Hensch  & Michela Fagiolini  & 

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Zheng, W. (2003). Maintaining Stability and Promoting Plasticity: Context-Dependent Functions of Inhibition. In: Hensch, T.K., Fagiolini, M. (eds) Excitatory-Inhibitory Balance. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0039-1_16

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