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Adult Stromal (Skeletal, Mesenchymal) Stem Cells: Advances Towards Clinical Applications

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Adult Stem Cells

Part of the book series: Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine ((STEMCELL))

Abstract

Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC) are non-hematopoietic adult stromal cells that reside in a perivascular niche in close association with pericytes and endothelial cells and possess self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation capacity. The origin, unique properties, and therapeutic benefits of MSC are under intensive investigation worldwide. Several challenges with regard to the proper source of clinical-grade MSC and the efficacy of MSC-based treatment strategies need to be addressed before MSC can be routinely used in the clinic. Here, we discuss three areas that can potentially facilitate the translation of MSC into clinic: Generation of MSC-like cells from human pluripotent stem cells, strategies to enhance homing of MSC to injured tissues, and targeting of MSC in vivo.

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Abbreviations

AMD:

Age-related macular degeneration

AMI:

Acute myocardial infarction

Bzb:

Bortezomib

CCR1:

C-C Chemokine receptor type 1

CXCR4:

C-X-C Chemokine receptor type 4

EB:

Embryoid body

FAK:

Focal adhesion kinase

GMP:

Good manufacturing practice

hESC:

Human embryonic stem cells

HLA:

Human leukocyte antigen

hPSC:

Human pluripotent stem cells

ICM:

Inner cell mass

iPSC:

Induced pluripotent stem cells

MHC:

Major histocompatibility complex

miRNA:

MicroRNA

MSC:

Mesenchymal stem cells

Runx2:

Runt-related transcription factor 2

SCID:

Severe combined immunodeficiency

SDF-1α:

Stromal cell-derived factor-1

siRNA:

Small-interfering RNA

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Endocrine Research Laboratory (KMEB), Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital & University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

    Abbas Jafari, Linda Harkness, Walid Zaher & Moustapha Kassem

  2. Danish Stem Cell Center (DanStem), Institute of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Abbas Jafari & Moustapha Kassem

  3. Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Walid Zaher

Authors
  1. Abbas Jafari
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  2. Linda Harkness
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  3. Walid Zaher
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  4. Moustapha Kassem
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Moustapha Kassem .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

    Kursad Turksen

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© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Jafari, A., Harkness, L., Zaher, W., Kassem, M. (2014). Adult Stromal (Skeletal, Mesenchymal) Stem Cells: Advances Towards Clinical Applications. In: Turksen, K. (eds) Adult Stem Cells. Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9569-7_15

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