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DNA Damage Caused by Oral Malodorous Compounds in Periodontal Cells In Vitro: Novel Carcinogenic Pathway

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Studies on Periodontal Disease

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Abstract

As a result of mitochondrial or active-oxygen scavenger insults, intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) increase. These changes can induce DNA alterations in double- or single-strand DNA. DNA damage can be found in a wide variety of systemic or local diseases such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative conditions, as well as in inflammation or infection. High levels of ROS together with DNA damage are also encountered in many human cancer types. Cellular response to DNA damage involves complex molecular pathways that represent the cell’s defensive system against DNA mutations. Depending on the amount of DNA damage accumulated, the cell will trigger DNA repair, cell-cycle arrest, or apoptosis.

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a volatile organic compound responsible for physiological halitosis. Several studies have focused on the pathogenic role of H2S in the initiation and development of periodontitis. H2S has been shown to increase the ROS levels and to cause DNA damage in a number of cell types derived from oral tissues, such as oral fibroblasts, normal oral keratinocytes, oral keratinocyte stem cells, and osteoblasts. H2S may have an important role in the aging or carcinogenesis in oral tissues caused by DNA damage. The present chapter reviews the available scientific evidence related to the genotoxic effects of H2S in the oral environment.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania

    Bogdan Calenic

  2. Department of Oral Health, Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan

    Ken Yaegaki

Authors
  1. Bogdan Calenic
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  2. Ken Yaegaki
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ken Yaegaki .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan

    Daisuke Ekuni

  2. Dept of Science and Clinical Specialty Odontostomatology & Biochemistry, Polytechnical University of Marche Faculty of Medicine, Ancona, Italy

    Maurizio Battino

  3. Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama Univ Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan

    Takaaki Tomofuji

  4. Dept of Oral Biological & Medical Scienc Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, University of British Columbia Faculty of Dentistry, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

    Edward E. Putnins

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Calenic, B., Yaegaki, K. (2014). DNA Damage Caused by Oral Malodorous Compounds in Periodontal Cells In Vitro: Novel Carcinogenic Pathway. In: Ekuni, D., Battino, M., Tomofuji, T., Putnins, E. (eds) Studies on Periodontal Disease. Oxidative Stress in Applied Basic Research and Clinical Practice. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9557-4_5

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