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Glucose Metabolism and the Antioxidative Defense System in Cancer Cells: Options for the Application of ROS-based Anticancer Drugs

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Tumor Metabolome Targeting and Drug Development

Part of the book series: Cancer Drug Discovery and Development ((CDD&D))

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Abstract

Cancer cell metabolic pathways (aerobic glycolysis, Warburg effect) may be used as targets for the development of new drugs with more specific therapeutic strategies. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are often involved in these metabolic pathways. Their generation, as well as the defensive reactions against them, present attractive targets. In this chapter, the major aspects of aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells are summarized first, while presenting the principles of ROS biochemistry. ROS formation, and the defense mechanisms against them, are rather heterogeneous in various cancer cell types. The basic mechanisms, therefore, are described first in two well-defined non-malignant cell types, erythrocytes and neutrophils. This is followed by a description of the more complex situation in cancer cells, where the influence of anti-/pro-oxidative microenvironments on cellular proliferation and survival is discussed. In the second part, potential targets for ROS-based therapeutics are presented and the mechanisms of some of them (dichloroacetate, iron dependency, arsenic trioxide, and high-dose intravenous (i.v.) ascorbic acid) are described in more detail.

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Acknowledgment

The authors thank the Förderverein für krebskranke Kinder e.V. Tuebingen for the financial support and Peter Michael Weber for the creation of figures.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Children’s University Hospital, Hoppe-Seyler Str.1, 72076, Tübingen, Germany

    Gernot Bruchelt, Rupert Handgretinger & Mirjam Weckenmann

  2. Kaplan Medical Center, 76100, Rehovot, Israel

    Talia Hahn

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  1. Gernot Bruchelt
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  2. Rupert Handgretinger
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  3. Mirjam Weckenmann
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  4. Talia Hahn
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Correspondence to Gernot Bruchelt .

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  1. Vice President, Biology, Arrowhead Research Corporation, 465 Science Drive, 53711 Madison, USA

    Steven Kanner

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Bruchelt, G., Handgretinger, R., Weckenmann, M., Hahn, T. (2014). Glucose Metabolism and the Antioxidative Defense System in Cancer Cells: Options for the Application of ROS-based Anticancer Drugs. In: Kanner, S. (eds) Tumor Metabolome Targeting and Drug Development. Cancer Drug Discovery and Development. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9545-1_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9545-1_5

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