Abstract
Imaging can play an integral role in the evaluation, diagnosis, and even treatment of children with new or chronic hepatobiliary disorders involving a native or transplanted liver. The primary imaging modalities that are routinely called upon to evaluate the pediatric liver include ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and nuclear scintigraphy. The detailed anatomical capabilities offered by US, CT, and MRI have essentially eliminated the need for conventional x-ray images.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Williams C, Frush D. Compendium of national guidelines for imaging of the pediatric patient. Pediatr Radiol. 2012;42:82–94.
Brenner D, Hall E. Computed tomography – an increasing source of radiation exposure. NEJM. 2007;357:2277–84.
Strauss K, Goske M, Kaste S, et al. Image gently: ten steps you can take to optimize image quality and lower CT dose for pediatric patients. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2010;194:868–73.
Borders H, Barnes C, Parks D, et al. Use of a dedicated pediatric CT imaging service associated with decreased patient radiation dose. J Am Coll Radiol. 2012;9:340–3.
Vasanawal S. MRI of the liver – how to do it. Pediatr Radiol. 2010;40:431–7.
Chung E, Cube R, Lewis R, et al. Pediatric liver masses: radiologic-pathologic correlation part 1. Benign tumors. Radiographics. 2010;30:801–26.
Stocker J. Hepatic tumors in children. Clin Liver Dis. 2001;5(1):259–81.
Ishak K, Goodman Z, Stocker J. Tumors of the liver and intrahepatic bile ducts. Washington, DC: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology; 2001.
Roebuck D. Assessment of malignant liver tumors in children. Cancer Imaging. 2009;9:S98–103.
Chung E, Lattin G, Cube R, et al. Pediatric liver masses: radiologic-pathologic correlation part 2. Malignant tumors. Radiographics. 2011;31:483–507.
Llovet J, Real M, Montana X, et al. Arterial embolization or chemoembolization versus symptomatic treatment in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a randomized controlled trial. Lancet. 2002;359:1734–9.
Malogolowkin M, Stanley P, Steele D, et al. Feasibility and toxicity of chemoembolization for children with liver tumors. J Clin Oncol. 2000;18:1279–84.
Lee MS, Kim M, Lee MJ, et al. Biliary atresia: color Doppler US findings in neonates and infants. Radiology. 2009;252(1):282–9.
Park W, Choi S, Lee H. The ultrasonographic “triangular cord” coupled with gallbladder images in the diagnostic prediction of biliary atresia from infantile intrahepatic cholestasis. J Pediatr Surg. 1999;34:1706–10.
Mittal V, Saxena A, Sodhi K, et al. Role of abdominal sonography in the preoperative diagnosis of extrahepatic biliary atresia in infants younger than 90 days. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2011;196:W438–45.
Kim O, Chung H, Choi B. Imaging of the choledochal cyst. Radiographics. 1995;15:69–88.
Tchelepi H, Ralls P, Radin R, Grant E. Sonography of diffuse liver disease. J Ultrasound Med. 2002;21(9):1023–32.
Giorgio F, Amoroso P, Fico P, et al. Ultrasound evaluation of uncomplicated and complicated acute viral hepatitis. J Clin Ultrasound. 1986;14(9):675–769.
Pariente D, Franchi-Abella S. Paediatric chronic liver diseases: how to investigate and follow up? Role of imaging in the diagnosis of fibrosis. Pediatr Radiol. 2010;40:906–19.
Vo N, Shivaram G, Andrews R, et al. Midterm follow-up of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts using polytetrafluoroethylene endografts in children. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2012;23(7):919–24.
Bambini D, Superina R, Almond P, et al. Experience with the Rex shunt (mesenterico-left portal bypass) in children with extrahepatic portal hypertension. J Pediatr Surg. 2000;35:13–9.
DeLeve L, Valla D, Garcia-Tsao G. Vascular disorders of the liver. Hepatology. 2009;49:1729–64.
Singh A, Nachiappan A, Verma H, et al. Postoperative imaging in liver transplantation: what radiologists should know. Radiographics. 2010;30:339–51.
Miraglia M, Maruzzelli M, Spada M, et al. Transjugular liver biopsy in pediatric patients with left split liver transplantation and severe coagulation impairment. Pediatr Transplant. 2012;16:58–62.
Lencioni R, Crocetti L, Pina M, Cioni D. Percutaneous image-guided radiofrequency ablation of liver tumors. Abdom Imaging. 2009;34:547–56.
Hall T, Garcea G, Bilku D, Dnnison A. Management of acute non-cirrhotic and non-malignant portal vein thrombosis: a systematic review. World J Surg. 2011;35(11):2510–20.
Darcy M. Single-session treatment of portal vein thrombosis using combined pharmacomechanical thrombolysis. Seminars Interv Radiol. 2007;24(3):327–32.
Zerem E, Hadzic A. Sonographically guided percutaneous catheter drainage versus needle aspiration in the management of pyogenic liver abscess. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;189(3):W138–42.
Liu C, Gervais D, Hahn P, et al. Percutaneous hepatic abscess drainage: do multiple abscesses or multiloculated abscesses preclude drainage or affect outcome? J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2009;20(8):1059–65.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Vo, N.“., Shet, N. (2014). Radiology of the Liver in Children. In: Murray, K., Horslen, S. (eds) Diseases of the Liver in Children. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9005-0_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9005-0_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-9004-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-9005-0
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)