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Cyto-, Geno-, and Ecotoxicity of Copper Nanoparticles

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Book cover Nanotoxicology

Part of the book series: Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology ((NANOMED))

Abstract

Nanotechnology has been playing a crucial role in twenty-first century in solving various problems particularly in the field of agriculture, medicine, and electronics. Nanotechnology is a broad and interdisciplinary area of research that has been growing explosively worldwide. Due to the small size, surface tailor ability, improved solubility, and multifunctionality of nanoparticles it may open up new research avenues. Nanoparticles are being viewed as fundamental building blocks of nanotechnology. The synthesis of nanoparticles is an important component of rapidly growing research efforts in nanoscale science and engineering. The synthesis of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) by physical method involves the mechanical grinding of bulk metals. Subsequently the resulting nanoparticles are to be stabilized by the addition of protecting agents. Whereas in case of chemical methods of synthesis copper salts use to be reduced to copper nanoparticles. Moreover, biological method of synthesis make use of biomolecules for the reduction and stabilization of nanoparticles.

The increasing use of nanoparticles leads to the release and accumulation of these particles in soil, air, and aquatic environment. Therefore, evaluation of nanotoxicity to the ecosystem must be considered. Nanoparticles with their distinct properties require development of methods, which will assess the possible benefits to possible risks and health hazards associated with exposure to nanomaterials as they are used in manufacturing and medicine. Common methods for toxicity evaluation include MTT Assay, Neutral Red Assay, LDH Assay, Comet Assay, and ROS Assay.

In the present chapter, we have briefly discussed the methods of synthesis of CuNPs, toxicity evaluation and harmful effects of CuNPs on plants, mice, fishes, and worms.

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Acknowledgments

Support from FAPESP, CNPq, Brazilian Network on Nanotoxicology (MCTI/CNPq), INOMAT (MCTI/CNPq), and NanoBioss (MCTI) are acknowledged. IRG thanks Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India for providing Junior Research Fellowship (CSIR-09/996(001)/2009-EMR-I).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati, 444 602, Maharashtra, India

    Mahendra Rai

  2. Biological Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil

    Mahendra Rai

  3. Department of Biotechnology, Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati, Maharashtra, India

    Avinash Ingle, Indarchand Gupta, Swapnil Gaikwad & Aniket Gade

  4. Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India

    Indarchand Gupta

  5. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile

    Olga Rubilar

  6. Scientifical & Technological Bioresource Nucleus, University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile

    Olga Rubilar

  7. Biological Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

    Nelson Durán

  8. Center of Natural and Human Sciences, Universidade Federal do ABC – UFABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil

    Nelson Durán

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Correspondence to Mahendra Rai .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas—UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

    Nelson Durán

  2. Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

    Silvia S. Guterres

  3. Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas—UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

    Oswaldo L. Alves

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Rai, M. et al. (2014). Cyto-, Geno-, and Ecotoxicity of Copper Nanoparticles. In: Durán, N., Guterres, S., Alves, O. (eds) Nanotoxicology. Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8993-1_15

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