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Atlas of Ultrasound Guided Musculoskeletal Injections pp 101–121Cite as

Neuromuscular/Chemodenervation

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Part of the book series: Musculoskeletal Medicine ((MUM))

Abstract

Spasticity is a velocity-dependent increase in a muscle’s resistance to passive range of motion and is caused by the loss of supraspinal inhibition of the muscle stretch reflex. Spasticity can be both functionally useful and functionally detrimental. Therefore, how we manage and treat it can have a significant impact on the lives of patients with upper motor neuron disorders such as stroke, traumatic or anoxic brain injury, and spinal cord injury. Dystonia is a neurological movement disorder characterized by involuntary motor contractions resulting in abnormal posturing and twisting motions. Both spasticity and dystonia often result in major impairments with activities of daily living, ambulation, and independence while causing pain and discomfort. Severe cases of spasticity leave patients vulnerable to contractures and skin breakdown.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Brain Injury Unit, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hofstra Medical School, North Shore Long Island Jewish Glen Cove Hospital, Glen Cove, NY, USA

    Sarah Khan DO

  2. Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation, West Orange, NJ, USA

    Emerald Lin MD

  3. Interventional Spine and Sports Medicine Division, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA

    Jonathan S. Kirschner MD, FAAPMR, RMSK

Authors
  1. Sarah Khan DO
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  2. Emerald Lin MD
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  3. Jonathan S. Kirschner MD, FAAPMR, RMSK
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sarah Khan DO .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anesthesiology - Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brookline, Massachusetts, USA

    David A. Spinner

  2. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, New York, USA

    Jonathan S. Kirschner

  3. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, New York, USA

    Joseph E. Herrera

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Khan, S., Lin, E., Kirschner, J.S. (2014). Neuromuscular/Chemodenervation. In: Spinner, D., Kirschner, J., Herrera, J. (eds) Atlas of Ultrasound Guided Musculoskeletal Injections. Musculoskeletal Medicine. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8936-8_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8936-8_9

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