Abstract
Despite significant advances in designing neuroprotective therapies, multiple clinical trials in head trauma and spinal cord injury have produced mixed results. A better understanding of the pathophysiology of central nervous system (CNS) barriers may improve clinical translation of therapies for injury of the CNS. The blood–brain barrier and blood-spinal cord barrier are formed by specialized CNS endothelial cells. These barriers play a fundamental role in restricting the entry of blood-borne factors into the CNS. However, they also function as the gateway for the delivery of neuroprotective drugs. Neurotrauma changes the properties of CNS barriers, which may significantly affect the efficacy of neuroprotective therapies. The endothelial barriers of the CNS together with the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier, which is predominantly formed by the epithelial cells of the choroid plexus, also restrict the influx of circulating leukocytes into the CNS. Dysfunction of these barriers resulting from injury plays a key role in the initiation and progression of inflammation that accompanies neurotrauma.
Keywords
- Traumatic Brain Injury
- Spinal Cord Injury
- Traumatic Brain Injury Patient
- Endothelial Barrier
- Central Nervous System Injury
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Chodobski, A., Zink, B.J., Szmydynger-Chodobska, J. (2014). CNS Barriers in Neurotrauma. In: Lo, E., Lok, J., Ning, M., Whalen, M. (eds) Vascular Mechanisms in CNS Trauma. Springer Series in Translational Stroke Research, vol 5. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8690-9_1
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