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Hyperthyroidism and Thyrotoxicosis

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Endocrinology and Diabetes

Abstract

The term thyrotoxicosis applies to a clinical condition resulting from increased thyroid hormone concentration and action. When the clinical condition is diagnosed by appropriate laboratory tests, the etiology should be determined. A high radioiodine uptake of thyroid will indicate either a very common condition called Graves’ hyperthyroidism or a very uncommon TSH-secreting pituitary adenoma. A very low uptake or no uptake will indicate destructive thyroiditis, iodine-induced hyperthyroidism, or very rare cases of extra-thyroidal thyroid hormone production or exogenous thyroid hormone intake. Normal radioactive thyroid uptake can occur in mild Graves’ hyperthyroidism or in multinodular toxic goiter and toxic adenoma. Management should be problem oriented and should depend on the etiology. Antithyroid medications, surgery, or radioactive iodine therapy can be used for high uptake causes and symptomatic therapy can be used for destructive thyroiditis. Iodine-induced hyperthyroidism will respond to antithyroid medications and elimination of exogenous iodine.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street, SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA

    Vahab Fatourechi M.D.

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  1. Vahab Fatourechi M.D.
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Correspondence to Vahab Fatourechi M.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Professor Associado e Livre-Docente, Disciplina de Endocrinologia da Faculdade de CiĂŞncias Medicas da Universidade de Pernambuco, Chefe da DivisĂŁo de Endocrinologia e Diabetes do Hospital Agamenon, MagalhĂŁes-MS/UPE, Recife, Brazil

    Francisco Bandeira

  2. American Thyroid Association Past President, American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, Professor of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine President-Elect, Rochester, Minnesota, USA

    Hossein Gharib

  3. Federal Foundation and School of Medical Sciences, Porto Alegre, Brazil

    Airton Golbert

  4. Department of Medicine, University of Pernambuco School of Medicine, Recife, Brazil

    Luiz Griz

  5. Department of Medicine, University of Maranhao School of Medicine, Sao Luis, Brazil

    Manuel Faria

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Fatourechi, V. (2014). Hyperthyroidism and Thyrotoxicosis. In: Bandeira, F., Gharib, H., Golbert, A., Griz, L., Faria, M. (eds) Endocrinology and Diabetes. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8684-8_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8684-8_2

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