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Using Animal Models of Celiac Disease to Understand the Role of MHC II

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Celiac Disease

Part of the book series: Clinical Gastroenterology ((CG))

Abstract

There are now numerous animal models for components of celiac disease (CD), some of which are spontaneous and some of which are induced. There are also transgenic animal models that allow for the analysis of specific genes in the pathogenesis of celiac disease. As genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have demonstrated, the Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II (MHC II) molecules DQ2 and DQ8 are associated with the greatest risk, and mouse models in which these genes are expressed have revealed a great deal in their role toward the development of CD. Spontaneous animal models of CD have also provided a wealth of information on how the innate immune response to gluten can contribute to the T-cell response, eventually resulting in a gluten-dependent enteropathy. Although currently there are no published animal models in which a gluten-dependent enteropathy characterized by villous atrophy in the setting of specific MHC II alleles develops, great progress has been made in understanding that a strong CD4+ T-cell response to gluten and the development of enteropathy are uniquely intertwined in the human situation that we know as CD. Many more publications are expected to come out in the future that help us to better understand this unique phenomenon of CD.

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Acknowledgment

This work was supported in part by NIH grant DK071003 and Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA

    Eric V. Marietta Ph.D. & Alberto Rubio-Tapia M.D.

  2. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55906, USA

    Joseph A. Murray M.D.

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  1. Eric V. Marietta Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Joseph A. Murray M.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA

    S. Devi Rampertab

  2. Department of Gastroenterology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    Gerard E. Mullin

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Marietta, E.V., Rubio-Tapia, A., Murray, J.A. (2014). Using Animal Models of Celiac Disease to Understand the Role of MHC II. In: Rampertab, S., Mullin, G. (eds) Celiac Disease. Clinical Gastroenterology. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8560-5_6

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