Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Nutrition Support

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Geriatric Trauma and Critical Care

  • 1900 Accesses

Abstract

As the population ages, so too does the burden of chronic medical conditions. One important condition often overlooked in elderly patients is malnutrition (up to 70 % in those hospitalized). The recognition and treatment of malnutrition in the elderly differs from the younger population. This chapter will review the assessment of nutritional status, metabolic changes, nutritional deficiencies, management, and palliative care nutrition in the elderly population within the intensive care unit.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 119.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. The Federal Interagency Forum on Aging-Related Statistics. Older Americans 2010: key indicators of well-being. www.agingstats.gov/agingstatsdotnet/main_site/default.aspx. Accessed 1 May 2012.

  2. Haute Autorité de Santé, Clinical Practice Guideline, Nutritional support strategy for protein-energy malnutrition in the elderly, April 2007. http://www.has-sante.fr/portail/upload/docs/application/pdf/malnutrition_elderly_guidelines.pdf.

  3. Dorner B, Posthauer ME, Friedrich EK, Robinson GE. Enteral nutrition for older adults in nursing facilities. Nutr Clin Pract. 2011;26(3):261–72.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Walker RN, Heuberger RA. Predictive equations for energy needs for the critically ill. Respir Care. 2009;54(4):509–21.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Cooney RN, Frankenfield DC. Determining energy needs in critically ill patients: equations or indirect calorimeters. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2012;18:174–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Frankenfield DC, Coleman A, Alam S, Cooney RN. Analysis of estimation methods for resting metabolic rate in critically ill adults. J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2009;33(1):27–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Frankenfield D. Validation of an equation for resting metabolic rate in older obese critically ill patients. J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2011;35(2):264–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Cerra FB, Benitez MR, Blackburn GL, Irwin RS, Jeejeebhoy K, Katz DP, Pingleton SK, Pomposelli J, Rombeau JL, Shronts E, Wolfe RR, Zaloga GP. Applied nutrition in ICU patients: a consensus statement of the American college of chest physicians. Chest. 1997;11(3):769–78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Thompson M. Briefs: geriatric nutrition. J Natl Med Assoc. 1980;72(8):795–803.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Cutungo CL. The “graying” of trauma care: addressing traumatic injury in older adults. Am J Nurs. 2011;111(11):40–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Johnston RE, Chernoff R. Geriatrics. In: Matarese LE, Gottschlich MM, editors. Contemporary nutrition support practice. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2003. p. 377–83.

    Google Scholar 

  12. D’Olimpio JT. Chapter 104. Physiology of nutrition and aging. In: Walsh DT, Caraceni AT, Fainsinger R, Foley KM, Glare P, Goh C, Lloyd-Williams M, Nunez Olarte J, Radbruch L, editors. Palliative medicine. 1st ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2009.

    Google Scholar 

  13. King M, Emery E. Nutrition management of the geriatric patient. Support Line. 2007;29(5):21–8.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Kagansky N, Berner Y, Koren-Morag N, Perelman L, Knobler H, Levy S. Poor nutritional habits are predictors of poor outcomes in very old hospitalized patients. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005;82:784–91.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Martindale RG, Zhou M, Nutrition and metabolism. In: O’Leary JP, Capote LR, editors. Physiologic basis of surgery. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins; 2002. p. 133–68.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Kuzuya M, Kanda S, Koike T, Suzuki Y, Iguchi A. Lack of correlation between total lymphocyte count and nutritional status in the elderly. Clin Nutr. 2005;24(3):427–32.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Paddon-Jones D, Rasmussen BB. Dietary protein recommendations and the prevention of sarcopenia: protein, amino acid metabolism and therapy. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2009;12(1):86–90.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Leistra E, Willeboordse F, van Bokhorst MAE, Visser M, Haans-van der Oord A, Weijs PJM, Oostenbrink A, Evers AM, Kruizenga HM. Predictors for achieving protein requirements in undernourished hospital patients. Clin Nutr. 2011;30(4):484–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. McClave SA, Martindale RG, Vanek VW, McCarthy M, Roberts P, Taylor B, Ochoa JB, Napolitano L, Crescit G, ASPEN Board of Directors, American College of Critical Care Medicine. Guidelines for the provision and assessment of nutrition support therapy in the adult critically ill patient. J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2009;33(3):277–316.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Read J, Clarke S. Chapter 107. Clinical nutrition. In: Walsh DT, Caraceni AT, Fainsinger R, Foley KM, Glare P, Goh C, Lloyd-Williams M, Nunez Olarte J, Radbruch L, editors. Palliative medicine. 1st ed. Philadelphia: Sauders; 2009.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Jacobs DG, Jacobs DO, Kudsk KA, Moore FA, Oswanski MF, Poole GV, Sacks GS, Scherer LR, Sinclair KE. Practice management guidelines for nutritional support of the trauma patient. J Trauma. 2004;57:660–79.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Mueller C, Cimpher C, Ellen DM, ASPEN Board of Directors. A.S.P.E.N. Clinical guidelines: nutrition screening, assessment, and intervention in adults. J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2011;35(1):16–24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Silk D, Green CJ. Perioperative nutrition: parenteral versus enteral. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 1998;1(1):21–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Grant MJ, Martin S. Delivery of enteral nutrition. AACN clinical issues: advanced practice in acute & critical care, vol. 11(4). 2000. p. 507–16.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Dudrick SJ, Wilmore DW, Vars HM, Rhoads JE. Can intravenous feeding as the sole nutrition support growth in the child and restore weight loss in an adult? An affirmative answer. Ann Surg. 1969;169(6):974–84.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Dudrick SJ, Wilmire DW, Vars HM, Rhoads JE. Long-term total parenteral nutrition with growth, development, and positive nitrogen balance. Surgery. 1968;64(1):134–42.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Kusminsky RE. Complications of central venous catheterization. J Am Coll Surg. 2007;204(4):681–96.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Pancorbo-Hidalgo PL, Garcia-Fernandez FP, Ramierez-Perez C. Complications associated with enteral nutrition by nasogastric tube in an internal medicine unit. J Clin Nurs. 2001;10:482–90.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Dy M. Enteral and parenteral nutrition in terminally ill cancer patients: a review of the literature. Am J Hosp Palliat Med. 2006;23(5):369–77.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Thomas D. Distinguishing starvation from cachexia. Clin Geriatr Med. 2002;18:883–91.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Alexander H. Prevalence and pathophysiology of cancer cachexia. In: Portenoy RK, Bruera E, editors. Topics in palliative care. Oxford University Press: New York; 1998. p. 91–129.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Inui A. Cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome: are neuropeptides the key? Cancer Res. 1999;59(18):4493–501.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Dunlop RJ, Campbell CW. Cytokines and advanced cancer. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2000;20(3):214–32.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Nemechek PM, Polsky B, et al. Treatment guidelines for HIV-associated wasting. Mayo Clin Proc. 2000;75(4):386–94.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Ganzini L. Artificial nutrition and hydration at the end of life: ethics and evidence. Palliat Support Care. 2006;4:135–43.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Clinical Guideline 42 Dementia. www.nice.org.uk/guidance.nice.org.uk/CG42.

  37. Good P, Cavenagh J, Mather M, Ravenscroft P. Medically assisted nutrition for palliative care in adult patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008;(4):CD006274.

    Google Scholar 

  38. http://www.mna-elderly.com/forms/mna_guide_english_sf.pdf.

  39. Braga M, Ljungqvist O, Soeters P, Fearon K, Weimann A, Bozzetti F. ESPEN guidelines on parenteral nutrition: surgery. Clin Nutr. 2009;28:378–86.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Lehigh Valley Health Network, 1240 S Cedar Crest Blvd, Suite 308, Allentown, PA, 18103, USA

    Robert D. Barraco MD, MPH, FACS, FCCP & Michael D. Pasquale MD

  2. Department of General Surgery, Lehigh Valley Health Network, 1240 S Cedar Crest Blvd, Suite 308, Allentown, PA, 18103, USA

    Ryan A. Lawless MD

Authors
  1. Robert D. Barraco MD, MPH, FACS, FCCP
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Michael D. Pasquale MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ryan A. Lawless MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Robert D. Barraco MD, MPH, FACS, FCCP .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Lincoln Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA

    Jay A. Yelon

  2. Department of Surgery, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA

    Fred A. Luchette

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Barraco, R.D., Pasquale, M.D., Lawless, R.A. (2014). Nutrition Support. In: Yelon, J., Luchette, F. (eds) Geriatric Trauma and Critical Care. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8501-8_33

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8501-8_33

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-8500-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-8501-8

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation