Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in Inborn Errors of Metabolism
- 583 Downloads
Abstract
Timely diagnosis and immediate referral to an IEM specialist are essential steps in management of these devastating disorders. Treatment recommendations are based on: the disorder; its phenotype including age at onset, rate of progression, severity of clinical signs and symptoms; family values and expectations; and the risks and benefits associated with available therapies such as hematopoietic stem transplantation (HCT). In this chapter we focus on HCT in IEM. HCT for an IEM is performed using donor cells from bone marrow (BM), umbilical cord blood (CB) and in rare case with a growth factor mobilized peripheral blood (PB). Donor cells are infused into the patient after myelosuppression and immunosuppression using a chemotherapy containing regimen.
Keywords
Enzyme Replacement Therapy Graft Versus Host Disease Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Acute Graft Versus Host Disease Mesenchymal Stromal Stem CellReferences
- 1.Fratantoni, J.C., Hall, C.W., Neufeld, E.F.: Hurler and Hunter syndromes: mutual correction of the defect in cultured fibroblasts. Science 162, 570–572 (1968)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 2.Neufeld, E., Muenzer, J.: The Mucopolysaccharidosis. McGraw-Hill, New York (2001)Google Scholar
- 3.Perry, V.H., Gordon, S.: Macrophages and the nervous system. Int. Rev. Cytol. 125, 203–244 (1991)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 4.Krivit, W., Sung, J.H., Shapiro, E.G., Lockman, L.A.: Microglia: the effector cell for reconstitution of the central nervous system following bone marrow transplantation for lysosomal and peroxisomal storage diseases. Cell Transplant. 4, 385–392 (1995)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 5.Hickey, W.F.: Migration of hematogenous cells through the blood-brain barrier and the initiation of CNS inflammation. Brain Pathol. 1, 97–105 (1991)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 6.Kennedy, D.W., Abkowitz, J.L.: Kinetics of central nervous system microglial and macrophage engraftment: analysis using a transgenic bone marrow transplantation model. Blood 90, 986–993 (1997)PubMedGoogle Scholar
- 7.Hobbs, J.R., Hugh-Jones, K., Barrett, A.J., Byrom, N., Chambers, D., Henry, K., James, D.C., Lucas, C.F., Rogers, T.R., Benson, P.F., Tansley, L.R., Patrick, A.D., Mossman, J., Young, E.P.: Reversal of clinical features of Hurler’s disease and biochemical improvement after treatment by bone-marrow transplantation. Lancet 2, 709–712 (1981)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 8.Aubourg, P., Blanche, S., Jambaqué, I., Rocchiccioli, F., Kalifa, G., Naud-Saudreau, C., Rolland, M.O., Debré, M., Chaussain, J.L., Griscelli, C.: Reversal of early neurologic and neuroradiologic manifestations of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy by bone marrow transplantation. N. Engl. J. Med. 322, 1860–1866 (1990)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 9.Krivit, W., Pierpont, M.E., Ayaz, K., Tsai, M., Ramsay, N.K., Kersey, J.H., Weisdorf, S., Sibley, R., Snover, D., McGovern, M.M.: Bone-marrow transplantation in the Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome (mucopolysaccharidosis type VI). Biochemical and clinical status 24 months after transplantation. N. Engl. J. Med. 311, 1606–1611 (1984)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 10.Krivit, W., Shapiro, E.G., Peters, C., Wagner, J.E., Cornu, G., Kurtzberg, J., Wenger, D.A., Kolodny, E.H., Vanier, M.T., Loes, D.J., Dusenbery, K., Lockman, L.A.: Hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation in globoid-cell leukodystrophy. N. Engl. J. Med. 338, 1119–1126 (1998)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 11.Boelens, J.J., Prasad, V.K., Tolar, J., Wynn, R.F.: Current international perspectives on hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for inherited metabolic disorders. Pediatr. Clin. North Am. 57, 123–145 (2010)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 12.Boelens, J.J., Rocha, V., Aldenhoven, M., Wynn, R., O’Meara, A., Michel, G., Ionescu, I., Parikh, S., Prasad, V.K., Szabolcs, P., Escolar, M., Gluckman, E., Cavazzana-Calvo, M., Kurtzberg, J.: EUROCORD Inborn error Working Party of EBMT and Duke University: risk factor analysis of outcomes after unrelated cord blood transplantation in patients with hurler syndrome. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 15, 618–625 (2009)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 13.Boelens, J.J., Wynn, R.F., O’Meara, A., Veys, P., Bertrand, Y., Souillet, G., Wraith, J.E., Fischer, A., Cavazzana-Calvo, M., Sykora, K.-W., Sedlacek, P., Rovelli, A., Uiterwaal, C.S.P.M., Wulffraat, N.: Outcomes of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for Hurler’s syndrome in Europe: a risk factor analysis for graft failure. Bone Marrow Transplant. 40, 225–233 (2007)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 14.Peters, C., Shapiro, E.G., Anderson, J., Henslee-Downey, P.J., Klemperer, M.R., Cowan, M.J., Saunders, E.F., deAlarcon, P.A., Twist, C., Nachman, J.B., Hale, G.A., Harris, R.E., Rozans, M.K., Kurtzberg, J., Grayson, G.H., Williams, T.E., Lenarsky, C., Wagner, J.E., Krivit, W.: Hurler syndrome: II. Outcome of HLA-genotypically identical sibling and HLA-haploidentical related donor bone marrow transplantation in fifty-four children. The Storage Disease Collaborative Study Group. Blood 91, 2601–2608 (1998)PubMedGoogle Scholar
- 15.Martin, H.R., Poe, M.D., Provenzale, J.M., Kurtzberg, J., Mendizabal, A., Escolar, M.L.: Neurodevelopmental outcomes of umbilical cord blood transplantation in metachromatic leukodystrophy. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 19(4), 616–624 (2013)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 16.Staba, S.L., Escolar, M.L., Poe, M., Kim, Y., Martin, P.L., Szabolcs, P., Allison-Thacker, J., Wood, S., Wenger, D.A., Rubinstein, P., Hopwood, J.J., Krivit, W., Kurtzberg, J.: Cord-blood transplants from unrelated donors in patients with Hurler’s syndrome. N. Engl. J. Med. 350, 1960–1969 (2004)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 17.Aldenhoven, M., Boelens, J.J., de Koning, T.J.: The clinical outcome of Hurler syndrome after stem cell transplantation. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 14, 485–498 (2008)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 18.Peters, C., Balthazor, M., Shapiro, E.G., King, R.J., Kollman, C., Hegland, J.D., Henslee-Downey, J., Trigg, M.E., Cowan, M.J., Sanders, J., Bunin, N., Weinstein, H., Lenarsky, C., Falk, P., Harris, R., Bowen, T., Williams, T.E., Grayson, G.H., Warkentin, P., Sender, L., Cool, V.A., Crittenden, M., Packman, S., Kaplan, P., Lockman, L.A., Anderson, J., Krivit, W., Dusenbery, K., Wagner, J.: Outcome of unrelated donor bone marrow transplantation in 40 children with Hurler syndrome. Blood 87, 4894–4902 (1996)PubMedGoogle Scholar
- 19.Vellodi, A., Young, E.P., Cooper, A., Wraith, J.E., Winchester, B., Meaney, C., Ramaswami, U., Will, A.: Bone marrow transplantation for mucopolysaccharidosis type I: experience of two British centres. Arch. Dis. Child. 76, 92–99 (1997)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 20.Prasad, V.K., Mendizabal, A., Parikh, S.H., Szabolcs, P., Driscoll, T.A., Page, K., Lakshminarayanan, S., Allison, J., Wood, S., Semmel, D., Escolar, M.L., Martin, P.L., Carter, S., Kurtzberg, J.: Unrelated donor umbilical cord blood transplantation for inherited metabolic disorders in 159 pediatric patients from a single center: influence of cellular composition of the graft on transplantation outcomes. Blood 112, 2979–2989 (2008)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 21.Chen, N., Hudson, J.E., Walczak, P., Misiuta, I., Garbuzova-Davis, S., Jiang, L., Sanchez-Ramos, J., Sanberg, P.R., Zigova, T., Willing, A.E.: Human umbilical cord blood progenitors: the potential of these hematopoietic cells to become neural. Stem Cells 23, 1560–1570 (2005)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 22.Kögler, G., Sensken, S., Airey, J.A., Trapp, T., Müschen, M., Feldhahn, N., Liedtke, S., Sorg, R.V., Fischer, J., Rosenbaum, C., Greschat, S., Knipper, A., Bender, J., Degistirici, O., Gao, J., Caplan, A.I., Colletti, E.J., Almeida-Porada, G., Müller, H.W., Zanjani, E., Wernet, P.: A new human somatic stem cell from placental cord blood with intrinsic pluripotent differentiation potential. J. Exp. Med. 200, 123–135 (2004)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 23.Boelens, J.J., Aldenhoven, M., Purtill, D., Ruggeri, A., DeFor, T., Wynn, R., Wraith, E., Cavazzana-Calvo, M., Rovelli, A., Fischer, A., Tolar, J., Prasad, V.K., Escolar, M., Gluckman, E., O’Meara, A., Orchard, P.J., Veys, P., Eapen, M., Kurtzberg, J., Rocha, V., on behalf of all participating centers from Eurocord, Inborn Errors Working Party of European Blood and Marrow Transplant group, Duke University, and the Centre for International Blood and Marrow Research: Outcomes of transplantation using various hematopoietic cell sources in children with Hurler syndrome after myeloablative conditioning. Blood. 121, 3981–3987 (2013)Google Scholar
- 24.Baxter, M.A., Wynn, R.F., Schyma, L., Holmes, D.K., Wraith, J.E., Fairbairn, L.J., Bellantuono, I.: Marrow stromal cells from patients affected by MPS I differentially support haematopoietic progenitor cell development. J. Inherit. Metab. Dis. 28, 1045–1053 (2005)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 25.Kakkis, E.D., Muenzer, J., Tiller, G.E., Waber, L., Belmont, J., Passage, M., Izykowski, B., Phillips, J., Doroshow, R., Walot, I., Hoft, R., Neufeld, E.F.: Enzyme-replacement therapy in mucopolysaccharidosis I. N. Engl. J. Med. 344, 182–188 (2001)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 26.Wraith, J.E.: The first 5 years of clinical experience with laronidase enzyme replacement therapy for mucopolysaccharidosis I. Expert Opin. Pharmacother. 6, 489–506 (2005)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 27.Aldenhoven, M., Sakkers, R.J.B., Boelens, J., de Koning, T.J., Wulffraat, N.M.: Musculoskeletal manifestations of lysosomal storage disorders. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 68, 1659–1665 (2009)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 28.Cox-Brinkman, J., Boelens, J.J., Wraith, J.E., O’Meara, A., Veys, P., Wijburg, F.A., Wulffraat, N., Wynn, R.F.: Haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in combination with enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) in patients with Hurler syndrome. Bone Marrow Transplant. 38, 17–21 (2006)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 29.Tolar, J., Grewal, S.S., Bjoraker, K.J., Whitley, C.B., Shapiro, E.G., Charnas, L., Orchard, P.J.: Combination of enzyme replacement and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation as therapy for Hurler syndrome. Bone Marrow Transplant. 41, 531–535 (2008)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 30.Orchard, P., Boelens, J.J., Raymond, G.: Blood Marrow Transplant. 2013 Jan;19(1 Suppl):S58–63. doi: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2012.10.026. Epub 2012 Oct 27Google Scholar
- 31.Wraith, J.E., Scarpa, M., Beck, M., Bodamer, O.A., De Meirleir, L., Guffon, N., Meldgaard Lund, A., Malm, G., van der Ploeg, A.T., Zeman, J.: Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (Hunter syndrome): a clinical review and recommendations for treatment in the era of enzyme replacement therapy. Eur. J. Pediatr. 167, 267–277 (2008)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 32.Young, I.D., Harper, P.S., Archer, I.M., Newcombe, R.G.: A clinical and genetic study of Hunter’s syndrome. 1. Heterogeneity. J. Med. Genet. 19, 401–407 (1982)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 33.Young, I.D., Harper, P.S., Newcombe, R.G., Archer, I.M.: A clinical and genetic study of Hunter’s syndrome. 2. Differences between the mild and severe forms. J. Med. Genet. 19, 408–411 (1982)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 34.Young, I.D., Harper, P.S.: Mild form of Hunter’s syndrome: clinical delineation based on 31 cases. Arch. Dis. Child. 57, 828–836 (1982)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 35.Young, I.D., Harper, P.S.: The natural history of the severe form of Hunter’s syndrome: a study based on 52 cases. Dev. Med. Child Neurol. 25, 481–489 (1983)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 36.Muenzer, J., Wraith, J.E., Beck, M., Giugliani, R., Harmatz, P., Eng, C.M., Vellodi, A., Martin, R., Ramaswami, U., Gucsavas-Calikoglu, M., Vijayaraghavan, S., Wendt, S., Wendt, S., Puga, A.C., Puga, A., Ulbrich, B., Shinawi, M., Cleary, M., Piper, D., Conway, A.M., Conway, A.M., Kimura, A.: A phase II/III clinical study of enzyme replacement therapy with idursulfase in mucopolysaccharidosis II (Hunter syndrome). Genet. Med. 8, 465–473 (2006)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 37.Li, P., Thompson, J.N., Hug, G., Huffman, P., Chuck, G.: Biochemical and molecular analysis in a patient with the severe form of Hunter syndrome after bone marrow transplantation. Am. J. Med. Genet. 64, 531–535 (1996)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 38.Shapiro, E.G., Lockman, L.A., Balthazor, M., Krivit, W.: Neuropsychological outcomes of several storage diseases with and without bone marrow transplantation. J. Inherit. Metab. Dis. 18, 413–429 (1995)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 39.McKinnis, E.J., Sulzbacher, S., Rutledge, J.C., Sanders, J., Scott, C.R.: Bone marrow transplantation in Hunter syndrome. J. Pediatr. 129, 145–148 (1996)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 40.Coppa, G.V., Gabrielli, O., Cordiali, R., Villani, G.R., Di Natale, P.: Bone marrow transplantation in a Hunter patient with P266H mutation. Int. J. Mol. Med. 4, 433–436 (1999)PubMedGoogle Scholar
- 41.Mullen, C.A., Thompson, J.N., Richard, L.A., Chan, K.W.: Unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation in infancy for mucopolysaccharidosis type IIB (Hunter syndrome) complicated by autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Bone Marrow Transplant. 25, 1093–1097 (2000)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 42.Guffon, N., Bertrand, Y., Forest, I., Fouilhoux, A., Froissart, R.: Bone marrow transplantation in children with Hunter syndrome: outcome after 7 to 17 years. J. Pediatr. 154, 733–737 (2009)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 43.Scarpa, M., Almássy, Z., Beck, M., Bodamer, O., Bruce, I.A., De Meirleir, L., Guffon, N., Guillén-Navarro, E., Hensman, P., Jones, S., Kamin, W., Kampmann, C., Lampe, C., Lavery, C.A., Teles, E.L., Link, B., Lund, A.M., Malm, G., Pitz, S., Rothera, M., Stewart, C., Tylki-Szymańska, A., van der Ploeg, A., Walker, R., Zeman, J., Wraith, J.E.: Hunter Syndrome Europena Expert Council: Mucopolysaccharidosis type II: European recommendations for the diagnosis and multidisciplinary management of a rare disease. Orphanet J. Rare Dis. 6, 72 (2011)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 44.Tanaka, A., Okuyama, T., Suzuki, Y., Sakai, N., Takakura, H., Sawada, T., Tanaka, T., Otomo, T., Ohashi, T., Ishige-Wada, M., Yabe, H., Ohura, T., Suzuki, N., Kato, K., Adachi, S., Kobayashi, R., Mugishima, H., Kato, S.: Long-term efficacy of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation on brain involvement in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type II: a nationwide survey in Japan. Mol. Genet. Metab. 107, 513–520 (2012)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 45.Zheng, Y., Ryazantsev, S., Ohmi, K., Zhao, H.-Z., Rozengurt, N., Kohn, D.B., Neufeld, E.F.: Retrovirally transduced bone marrow has a therapeutic effect on brain in the mouse model of mucopolysaccharidosis IIIB. Mol. Genet. Metab. 82, 286–295 (2004)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 46.van de Kamp, J.J., Niermeijer, M.F., von Figura, K., Giesberts, M.A.: Genetic heterogeneity and clinical variability in the Sanfilippo syndrome (types A, B, and C). Clin. Genet. 20, 152–160 (1981)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 47.Martin, P.L., Carter, S.L., Kernan, N.A., Sahdev, I., Wall, D., Pietryga, D., Wagner, J.E., Kurtzberg, J.: Results of the cord blood transplantation study (COBLT): outcomes of unrelated donor umbilical cord blood transplantation in pediatric patients with lysosomal and peroxisomal storage diseases. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 12, 184–194 (2006)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 48.Filipovich, A.H., Weisdorf, D., Pavletic, S., Socié, G., Wingard, J.R., Lee, S.J., Martin, P., Chien, J., Przepiorka, D., Couriel, D., Cowen, E.W., Dinndorf, P., Farrell, A., Hartzman, R., Henslee-Downey, J., Jacobsohn, D., McDonald, G., Mittleman, B., Rizzo, J.D., Robinson, M., Schubert, M., Schultz, K., Shulman, H., Turner, M., Vogelsang, G., Flowers, M.E.D.: National Institutes of Health consensus development project on criteria for clinical trials in chronic graft-versus-host disease: I. Diagnosis and staging working group report. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 11, 945–956 (2005)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 49.Mosser, J., Douar, A.M., Sarde, C.O., Kioschis, P., Feil, R., Moser, H., Poustka, A.M., Mandel, J.L., Aubourg, P.: Putative X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy gene shares unexpected homology with ABC transporters. Nature 361, 726–730 (1993)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 50.Boehm, C.D., Cutting, G.R., Lachtermacher, M.B., Moser, H.W., Chong, S.S.: Accurate DNA-based diagnostic and carrier testing for X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy. Mol. Genet. Metab. 66, 128–136 (1999)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 51.Moser, A.B., Kreiter, N., Bezman, L., Lu, S., Raymond, G.V., Naidu, S., Moser, H.W.: Plasma very long chain fatty acids in 3,000 peroxisome disease patients and 29,000 controls. Ann. Neurol. 45, 100–110 (1999)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 52.Aubourg, P., Chaussain, J.-L.: Adrenoleukodystrophy: the most frequent genetic cause of Addison’s disease. Horm. Res. 59(Suppl 1), 104–105 (2003)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 53.Powers, J.M., DeCiero, D.P., Cox, C., Richfield, E.K., Ito, M., Moser, A.B., Moser, H.W.: The dorsal root ganglia in adrenomyeloneuropathy: neuronal atrophy and abnormal mitochondria. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 60, 493–501 (2001)PubMedGoogle Scholar
- 54.Ito, M., Blumberg, B.M., Mock, D.J., Goodman, A.D., Moser, A.B., Moser, H.W., Smith, K.D., Powers, J.M.: Potential environmental and host participants in the early white matter lesion of adreno-leukodystrophy: morphologic evidence for CD8 cytotoxic T cells, cytolysis of oligodendrocytes, and CD1-mediated lipid antigen presentation. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 60, 1004–1019 (2001)PubMedGoogle Scholar
- 55.Loes, D.J., Fatemi, A., Melhem, E.R., Gupte, N., Bezman, L., Moser, H.W., Raymond, G.V.: Analysis of MRI patterns aids prediction of progression in X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy. Neurology 61, 369–374 (2003)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 56.Loes, D.J., Stillman, A.E., Hite, S., Shapiro, E., Lockman, L., Latchaw, R.E., Moser, H., Krivit, W.: Childhood cerebral form of adrenoleukodystrophy: short-term effect of bone marrow transplantation on brain MR observations. AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol. 15, 1767–1771 (1994)PubMedGoogle Scholar
- 57.Peters, C., Charnas, L.R., Tan, Y., Ziegler, R.S., Shapiro, E.G., DeFor, T., Grewal, S.S., Orchard, P.J., Abel, S.L., Goldman, A.I., Ramsay, N.K.C., Dusenbery, K.E., Loes, D.J., Lockman, L.A., Kato, S., Aubourg, P.R., Moser, H.W., Krivit, W.: Cerebral X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy: the international hematopoietic cell transplantation experience from 1982 to 1999. Blood 104, 881–888 (2004)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 58.Miller, W.P., Rothman, S.M., Nascene, D., Kivisto, T., Defor, T.E., Ziegler, R.S., Eisengart, J., Leiser, K., Raymond, G., Lund, T.C., Tolar, J., Orchard, P.J.: Outcomes after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for childhood cerebral adrenoleukodystrophy: the largest single-institution cohort report. Blood 118, 1971–1978 (2011)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 59.Beam, D., Poe, M.D., Provenzale, J.M., Szabolcs, P., Martin, P.L., Prasad, V., Parikh, S., Driscoll, T., Mukundan, S., Kurtzberg, J., Escolar, M.L.: Outcomes of unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation for X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 13, 665–674 (2007)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 60.Shapiro, E., Krivit, W., Lockman, L., Jambaqué, I., Peters, C., Cowan, M., Harris, R., Blanche, S., Bordigoni, P., Loes, D., Ziegler, R., Crittenden, M., Ris, D., Berg, B., Cox, C., Moser, H., Fischer, A., Aubourg, P.: Long-term effect of bone-marrow transplantation for childhood-onset cerebral X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy. Lancet 356, 713–718 (2000)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 61.Tolar, J., Orchard, P.J., Bjoraker, K.J., Ziegler, R.S., Shapiro, E.G., Charnas, L.: N-acetyl-L-cysteine improves outcome of advanced cerebral adrenoleukodystrophy. Bone Marrow Transplant. 39, 211–215 (2007)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 62.Moser, H.W., Raymond, G.V., Koehler, W., Sokolowski, P., Hanefeld, F., Korenke, G.C., Green, A., Loes, D.J., Hunneman, D.H., Jones, R.O., Lu, S.-E., Uziel, G., Giros, M.L., Roels, F.: Evaluation of the preventive effect of glyceryl trioleate-trierucate (“Lorenzo’s oil”) therapy in X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy: results of two concurrent trials. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 544, 369–387 (2003)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 63.Biffi, A., Aubourg, P., Cartier, N.: Gene therapy for leukodystrophies. Hum. Mol. Genet. 20, R42–R53 (2011)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 64.Cartier, N., Hacein-Bey-Abina, S., Bartholomae, C.C., Veres, G., Schmidt, M., Kutschera, I., Vidaud, M., Abel, U., Dal-Cortivo, L., Caccavelli, L., Mahlaoui, N., Kiermer, V., Mittelstaedt, D., Bellesme, C., Lahlou, N., Lefrère, F., Blanche, S., Audit, M., Payen, E., Leboulch, P., l’Homme, B., Bougnères, P., von Kalle, C., Fischer, A., Cavazzana-Calvo, M., Aubourg, P.: Hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy with a lentiviral vector in X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy. Science 326, 818–823 (2009)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 65.Puckett, R.L., Orsini, J.J., Pastores, G.M., Wang, R.Y., Chang, R., Saavedra-Matiz, C.A., Torres, P.A., Zeng, B., Caggana, M., Lorey, F., Abdenur, J.E.: Krabbe disease: clinical, biochemical and molecular information on six new patients and successful retrospective diagnosis using stored newborn screening cards. Mol. Genet. Metab. 105, 126–131 (2012)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 66.Deane, J.E., Graham, S.C., Kim, N.N., Stein, P.E., McNair, R., Cachón-González, M.B., Cox, T.M., Read, R.J.: Insights into Krabbe disease from structures of galactocerebrosidase. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108, 15169–15173 (2011)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 67.Ichioka, T., Kishimoto, Y., Brennan, S., Santos, G.W., Yeager, A.M.: Hematopoietic cell transplantation in murine globoid cell leukodystrophy (the twitcher mouse): effects on levels of galactosylceramidase, psychosine, and galactocerebrosides. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84, 4259–4263 (1987)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 68.Yeager, A.M., Brennan, S., Tiffany, C., Moser, H.W., Santos, G.W.: Prolonged survival and remyelination after hematopoietic cell transplantation in the twitcher mouse. Science 225, 1052–1054 (1984)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 69.Escolar, M.L., Poe, M.D., Provenzale, J.M., Richards, K.C., Allison, J., Wood, S., Wenger, D.A., Pietryga, D., Wall, D., Champagne, M., Morse, R., Krivit, W., Kurtzberg, J.: Transplantation of umbilical-cord blood in babies with infantile Krabbe’s disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 352, 2069–2081 (2005)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 70.Shapiro, E.G., Lipton, M.E., Krivit, W.: White matter dysfunction and its neuropsychological correlates: a longitudinal study of a case of metachromatic leukodystrophy treated with bone marrow transplant. J. Clin. Exp. Neuropsychol. 14, 610–624 (1992)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 71.Pridjian, G., Humbert, J., Willis, J., Shapira, E.: Presymptomatic late-infantile metachromatic leukodystrophy treated with bone marrow transplantation. J. Pediatr. 125, 755–758 (1994)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 72.Guffon, N., Souillet, G., Maire, I., Dorche, C., Mathieu, M., Guibaud, P.: Juvenile metachromatic leukodystrophy: neurological outcome two years after bone marrow transplantation. J. Inherit. Metab. Dis. 18, 159–161 (1995)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 73.Shapiro, E.G., Lockman, L.A., Knopman, D., Krivit, W.: Characteristics of the dementia in late-onset metachromatic leukodystrophy. Neurology 44, 662–665 (1994)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 74.Mahmood, A., Berry, J., Wenger, D.A., Escolar, M., Sobeih, M., Raymond, G., Eichler, F.S.: Metachromatic leukodystrophy: a case of triplets with the late infantile variant and a systematic review of the literature. J. Child Neurol. 25, 572–580 (2010)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 75.Kapaun, P., Dittmann, R.W., Granitzny, B., Eickhoff, W., Wulbrand, H., Neumaier-Probst, E., Zander, A., Kohlschüetter, A.: Slow progression of juvenile metachromatic leukodystrophy 6 years after bone marrow transplantation. J. Child Neurol. 14, 222–228 (1999)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 76.van Egmond, M.E., Pouwels, P.J., Boelens, J.J., Lindemans, C.A., Barkhof, F., Steenwijk, M.D., van Hasselt, P.M., van der Knaap, M.S., Wolf, N.I.: JAMA Neurol. 70, (6):779–82. (2013). doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.629Google Scholar
- 77.Koç, O.N., Day, J., Nieder, M., Gerson, S.L., Lazarus, H.M., Krivit, W.: Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cell infusion for treatment of metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) and Hurler syndrome (MPS-IH). Bone Marrow Transplant. 30, 215–222 (2002)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 78.Orchard, P.J., Blazar, B.R., Wagner, J., Charnas, L., Krivit, W., Tolar, J.: Hematopoietic cell therapy for metabolic disease. J. Pediatr. 151, 340–346 (2007)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 79.Tolar, J., Petryk, A., Khan, K., Bjoraker, K.J., Jessurun, J., Dolan, M., Kivisto, T., Charnas, L., Shapiro, E.G., Orchard, P.J.: Long-term metabolic, endocrine, and neuropsychological outcome of hematopoietic cell transplantation for Wolman disease. Bone Marrow Transplant. 43, 21–27 (2009)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 80.Mynarek, M., Tolar, J., Albert, M.H., Escolar, M.L., Boelens, J.J., Cowan, M.J., Finnegan, N., Glomstein, A., Jacobsohn, D.A., Kühl, J.S., Yabe, H., Kurtzberg, J., Malm, D., Orchard, P.J., Klein, C., Lücke, T., Sykora, K.-W.: Allogeneic hematopoietic SCT for alpha-mannosidosis: an analysis of 17 patients. Bone Marrow Transplant. 47, 352–359 (2012)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 81.Grewal, S., Shapiro, E., Braunlin, E., Charnas, L., Krivit, W., Orchard, P., Peters, C.: Continued neurocognitive development and prevention of cardiopulmonary complications after successful BMT for I-cell disease: a long-term follow-up report. Bone Marrow Transplant. 32, 957–960 (2003)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 82.Bayever, E., Kamani, N., Ferreira, P., Machin, G.A., Yudkoff, M., Conard, K., Palmieri, M., Radcliffe, J., Wenger, D.A., August, C.S.: Bone marrow transplantation for Niemann-Pick type IA disease. J. Inherit. Metab. Dis. 15, 919–928 (1992)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 83.Lake, B.D., Steward, C.G., Oakhill, A., Wilson, J., Perham, T.G.: Bone marrow transplantation in late infantile Batten disease and juvenile Batten disease. Neuropediatrics 28, 80–81 (1997)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
- 84.Jacobs, J.F.M., Willemsen, M.A.A.P., Groot-Loonen, J.J., Wevers, R.A., Hoogerbrugge, P.M.: Allogeneic BMT followed by substrate reduction therapy in a child with subacute Tay-Sachs disease. Bone Marrow Transplant. 36, 925–926 (2005)CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar