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Retinal Detachment

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Pathologic Myopia

Abstract

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRDs) are particularly common in myopic eyes, and the pathogenesis as well as theoretical prevention of RRD is intimately related to changes in the myopic vitreous gel. Separation of the cortical vitreous surface from the retina typically occurs relatively early in myopic eyes and causes symptoms of “flashes and floaters” and retinal tears at sites of invisible or visible vitreoretinal adhesions. Although a total posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) is usually seen, many RRDs occur with only partial PVD, and evidence of vitreous separation may not be observed. In addition, it should be noted that many so-called atrophic holes, especially those within lattice lesions, have major vitreoretinal traction upon the edges of the lattice lesions, and they, therefore, sometimes can behave such as horseshoe tears with persistent vitreoretinal traction.

Any ocular condition associated with an increased prevalence of vitreous liquefaction, PVD, and an increased number or extent of visible and invisible vitreoretinal adhesions and traction is more likely to be associated with a higher incidence of subsequent RRD, and these findings are particularly common in the myopic eye. All of these variables are of importance in considering methods to both prevent retinal detachments and to repair them. This chapter will briefly discuss myopic vitreoretinal alterations that promote RRD, potential maneuvers to prevent RRD, and methods of repair of myopic RRDs.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA

    C. P. Wilkinson MD

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University, 6569 N. Charles St., # 505, Baltimore, MD, 21204, USA

    C. P. Wilkinson MD

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  1. C. P. Wilkinson MD
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Correspondence to C. P. Wilkinson MD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Vitreous, Retina, Macula Consultants of New York, New York, New York, USA

    Richard F. Spaide

  2. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan

    Kyoko Ohno-Matsui

  3. Department of Clinical Ophthalmology, Columbia University School of Medicine, LuEsther T. Mertz Retinal Research Center, New York, New York, USA

    Lawrence A. Yannuzzi

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Wilkinson, C.P. (2014). Retinal Detachment. In: Spaide, R., Ohno-Matsui, K., Yannuzzi, L. (eds) Pathologic Myopia. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8338-0_18

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8338-0_18

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  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-8338-0

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