Abstract
Despite the fact that international private foundations and local philanthropic institutions have been supporting the political and economic development of African countries for a number of decades now, scholars of African development and civil society have paid very little attention to their efforts. Neither has there been much discussion about traditional African philanthropy and its relevance (or lack thereof) to community development and civil society. This chapter is an attempt to highlight the link between philanthropy and civil society in sub-Saharan Africa by drawing attention to the role of foreign and local philanthropic institutions in the promotion of civil society and democratic governance on the continent. It defines “philanthropy” as it relates to the African context, outlines the conceptual relationship between “philanthropy” and “civil society,” and discusses the major philanthropic institutions working in the area of civil society development in sub-Saharan Africa. It concludes with a discussion of the continued dependence of most donor-supported African philanthropic foundations on external sources for the bulk of their funding and why their financially dependent status could be problematic for the development and strengthening of African civil society.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Ake, C. (1996). Democracy and development in Africa. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution.
Anderson, L. (1998). Contextualizing philanthropy in South Asia: A textual analysis of Sanskrit sources. In W. F. Ilchman, S. N. Katz, & E. L. Queen II (Eds.), Philanthropy in the world’s traditions (pp. 57–78). Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
Anyemedu, K. (2002, April). Financing Africa’s development: Can aid dependency be avoided? CODESRIA International Conference, Accra, Ghana.
Arnove, R. F. (1982). Introduction. In R. Arnove (Ed.), Philanthropy and cultural imperialism: The foundations at home and abroad. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
Bratton, M. (1994). Civil society and political transition in Africa. IDR Reports, No. 6 (Vol. 2). http://worlded.org/docs/Publications/idr/pdf/11–6.pdf.
Carnegie, A. (1992). The gospel of wealth. In D. Burlingame (Ed.), The responsibilities of wealth (pp. 1–31). Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
Chazan, N., Lewis, P., Mortimer, R. A., Rothchild, D., & Stedman, S. J. (1999). Politics and society in contemporary Africa (3rd ed.). Boulder: Lynne Rienner.
Copeland-Carson, J. (2005). Promoting diversity in contemporary black philanthropy: Toward a new conceptual model. In P. Rooney & L. Sherman (Eds.), New Directions for Philanthropic Fundraising (Exploring Black Philanthropy), 2005(48), 77–87.
Copeland-Carson, J. (2007). Kenyan diaspora philanthropy: Key practices, trends and issues. Prepared for the Philanthropic Initiative, and the Global Equity Initiative, Harvard University.
Daly, S. (2012). Philanthropy as an essentially contested concept. Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 23, 535–557.
Edwards, M. (2004). Civil society. Malden: Polity Press.
Edwards, M. (2009). The challenges of civil society in Africa. A lecture by Michael Edwards in Dakar, Senegal at a TrustAfrica event on February 12, 2009.
Edwards, M. (2011). Conclusion: Civil society as a necessary and necessarily contested idea. In M. Edwards (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of civil society (pp. 480–491). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Fafchamps, M., & Owens, T. (2006). Is international funding crowding out charitable contributions in African NGOs? Global Poverty Research Group (GPRG). www.gprg.org.
Feierman, S. (1998). Reciprocity and assistance in pre-colonial Africa. In W. F. Ilchman, S. N. Katz, & E. L. Queen II (Eds.), Philanthropy in the world’s traditions (pp. 3–24). Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
Fowler, A. (2012). Measuring civil society: Perspectives on Afro-Centrism. Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 23(1), 5–25.
Frumkin, P. (2006). Strategic giving: The art and science of philanthropy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Grim, J. A. (1998). A comparative study in native American philanthropy. In W. F. Ilchman, S. N. Katz, & E. L. Queen II (Eds.), Philanthropy in the world’s traditions (pp. 25–53). Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
Holmén, H. (2010). Snakes in paradise: NGOs and the aid industry in Africa. Sterling: Kumarian Press.
Hyden, G. (2006). African politics in comparative perspective. New York: Cambridge University Press.
W. F. Ilchman, S. N. Katz, & E. L. Queen, II (Eds.). (1998). Philanthropy in the world’s traditions. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
Johnson, P. D., Johnson, S. P., & Kingman, A. (2004). Promoting philanthropy: Global challenges and approaches. Bertelsmann Stiftung.
Kiger, J. C. (2008). Philanthropists and foundation globalization. New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers.
Knight, B. (2012). The value of community philanthropy: Results of a consultation. http://www.mott.org/files/pubs/TheValueofCommunityPhilanthropy.pdf. Accessed 15 Aug 2012.
Lenkowsky, L. (2002). Foundations and corporate philanthropy. In L. Salamon (Ed.), The state of nonprofit America (pp. 355–386). Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.
MacLean, L. M. (2010). Informal institutions and citizenship in Rural Africa: Risk and reciprocity in Ghana and Côte d’Ivoire. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Malombe, J. (2000). Community development foundations: Emerging partnerships. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
Mammo, T. (1999). The paradox of Africa’s poverty: The role of indigenous knowledge, traditional practices and local institutions—The case of Ethiopia. Lawrenceville: The Red Sea Press.
Moyo, B. (2001). International foundations, agenda setting and the nonprofit sector in South Africa. African Journal of International Affairs, 4(1, 2), 93–18.
Moyo, B. (2005). Setting the development Agenda? US foundations and the NPO sector in South Africa: A case study of Ford, Mott, Kellogg and Open Society Foundations. Dissertation, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Moyo, D. (2009). Dead aid: Why aid is not working and how there is a better way for Africa. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
Ngondi-Houghton, C. (2005). Philanthropy in East Africa: The nature, challenges & potential. London: Allavida.
Orozco, M., Bump, M., Fedewa, R., & Sienkiewicz, K. (2005). Diasporas, development and transnational integration: Ghanaians in the US, UK, and Germany. Washington, DC: Institute for the Study of International Migration and Inter-American Dialogue.
Payton, R. L. (1988). Philanthropy: Voluntary action for the public good. New York: American Council on Education/Macmillan.
Payton, R. L., & Moody, M. P. (2008). Understanding philanthropy: Its meaning and mission. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
Pinter, F. (2001). Funding global civil society organizations. London: Center for the Study of Global Governance.
Prewitt, K. (2009). Social science and philanthropic studies. In D. Hammack, & S. Heydemann (Eds.), Globalization, philanthropy and civil Society (pp. 7–9). Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
Renz, L., Samson-Atienza, J., & Lawrence, S. (2000). International grantmaking II: An update on US foundation trends. New York: The Foundation Center in Collaboration with the Council on Foundations.
Ruesga, A. G. (2011). Civil society and grassroots philanthropy. In M. Edwards (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of civil society (pp. 455–467). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Sacks, E. W. (2000). The growth of community foundations around the world: An examination of the vitality of the community foundation movement. Washington, DC: The Council on Foundations.
Savane, J. B. (2011). The transformation of philanthropy in sub-Saharan Africa: From traditional practices to the establishment of grantmaking foundations. Pitt Political Review GSPIA Edition, 3, 156–172.
Schambra, W. A., & Shaffer, K. L. (2011). Civil society and institutional philanthropy. In M. Edwards (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of civil society (pp. 443–454). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Stacey, S., & Aksartova, S. (2001). The foundations of democracy: U.S. Foundation Support for Civil Society in South Africa, 1988–1996. Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 12(4), 373–397.
TrustAfrica. (2010). 2009–2010 Annual Report. www.trustafrica.org.
Uduku, O. (2002). The socio-economic basis of a diaspora community: Igbo bu ike. Review of African Political Economy, 29(92), 301–311.
Wilkinson-Maposa, S., Fowler, A., Oliver-Evans, C., & Mulenga, C. F. N. (2005). The poor philanthropist: How and why the poor help each other. Available from UCT 05 Poor_philanthropist.pdf.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Atibil, C. (2014). Philanthropic Foundations and Civil Society in Sub-Saharan Africa. In: Obadare, E. (eds) The Handbook of Civil Society in Africa. Nonprofit and Civil Society Studies, vol 20. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8262-8_25
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8262-8_25
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-8261-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-8262-8
eBook Packages: Humanities, Social Sciences and LawSocial Sciences (R0)