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Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase in the Control of Heart Metabolism

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Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase Genes in Lipid Metabolism

Abstract

Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids, has recently been shown to be a critical control point in the regulation of cardiac metabolism and function. Three isoforms of SCD (i.e., SCD1, SCD2, and SCD4) are expressed and regulated in a hormone-dependent fashion in the heart, the molecular, and metabolic implications of which are practically unknown. The lack of SCD1 decreases fatty acid (FA) uptake and oxidation and increases glucose transport and oxidation in the heart. This shift in cardiac substrate utilization from FA to glucose is caused by the upregulation of insulin-signaling, decreased FA availability and the reduced expression of FA oxidation genes in the heart. Other studies showed that loss of SCD1 function significantly improves systolic and diastolic function of the left ventricle in leptin-deficient ob/ob mice. This was accompanied by decreased accumulation of neutral lipids and ceramide in addition to the inhibition of apoptotic pathways in the heart of ob/ob mice. In this chapter, we will focus primarily on the function of SCD1 and its product, oleate, in the cardiac bioenergetics and the pathogenesis of lipotoxic heart disease.

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Acknowledgements

P. Dobrzyn is supported by grants from by the National Science Centre (UMO-2011/01/D/NZ3/04777) and the National Centre for Research and Development (LIDER/19/2/L-2/10/NCBiR/2011); A. Dobrzyn is supported by grant from the Polish Science Foundation (TEAM/2010-5/2).

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  1. Laboratory of Molecular and Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland

    Pawel Dobrzyn

  2. Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland

    Agnieszka Dobrzyn

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  1. Pawel Dobrzyn
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Correspondence to Pawel Dobrzyn .

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  1. Departments of Biochemistry and Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA

    James M. Ntambi, Ph.D.

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Dobrzyn, P., Dobrzyn, A. (2013). Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase in the Control of Heart Metabolism. In: Ntambi, Ph.D., J. (eds) Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase Genes in Lipid Metabolism. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7969-7_8

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