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Sleep Homeostasis in Humans and Rats

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Clinical Physiology of Sleep

Part of the book series: Clinical Physiology ((CLINPHY))

Abstract

This chapter describes a conceptual and mathematical model that postulates that two processes determine sleep propensity in humans. Process S is a function of sleep and wakefulness. Its level declines exponentially during sleep and rises during wakefulness. The rate of decline was estimated from electroencephalographic (EEG) power density values representing slow-wave activity, which had been recorded for a regular sleep period as well as for recovery sleep after extended wakefulness. The rise rate of process S was obtained by interpolating the slow-wave activity values at the beginning and at the end of the sleep periods (6). Process C represents a circadian process that is independent of sleep and wakefulness. Circadian sleep propensity is highest in the early morning hours and lowest in the afternoon. In the model, process C is represented by a sine function that modulates a threshold defining the time of sleep termination.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Pharmacology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland

    Alexander A. Borbély, Peter Achermann, Lorenz Trachsel & Irene Tobler

Authors
  1. Alexander A. Borbély
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  2. Peter Achermann
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  3. Lorenz Trachsel
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  4. Irene Tobler
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA

    Ralph Lydic

  2. Department of Anesthesia, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA

    Julien F. Biebuyck

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© 1988 American Physiological Society

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Borbély, A.A., Achermann, P., Trachsel, L., Tobler, I. (1988). Sleep Homeostasis in Humans and Rats. In: Lydic, R., Biebuyck, J.F. (eds) Clinical Physiology of Sleep. Clinical Physiology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7599-6_13

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7599-6_13

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-7599-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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