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Lipoprotein Glycation in Diabetes Mellitus

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Lipoproteins in Diabetes Mellitus

Part of the book series: Contemporary Diabetes ((CDI))

Abstract

Diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy and accelerated atherosclerosis are a common cause of morbidity and premature mortality of people with diabetes, and a major economic cost to the healthcare system. In spite of widespread availability of intensive diabetes management approximately one in four people with diabetes develop clinically significant atherosclerotic or thrombotic events, over 60 % die of atherosclerosis-related diseases, and diabetes is a common cause of vision loss and renal impairment. Quantitative and qualitative changes in lipoproteins, such as nonenzymatic glycation, including early and late glycation, are likely to be contributory. Glycation of all major lipoprotein classes occurs and may promote micro- and macrovascular damage by various pathways including altered cellular handling by various cell types, increased oxidation, induction of inflammation, matrix binding and by pro-thrombotic effects. Lipoprotein glycation may contribute to residual vascular risk. Whilst difficult to quantify in a clinical setting lipoprotein glycation may represent a therapeutic target. Lipoprotein glycation can be reduced by optimizing glycemic control, which remains a therapeutic and practical challenge, and perhaps in the future may also be treated by effective anti-glycation agents.

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Acknowledgments

Grant support for studies discussed herein was provided by the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation, American Diabetes Association, National Institutes of Health, Department of Veterans Affairs Merit Review (RK), the Diabetes Research and Wellness Foundation, Lions SightFirst Diabetic Retinopathy Research Program, the National Health and Medical Research Foundation, and National Heart Foundation (Australia). The authors also acknowledge their collaborators, including Professors Timothy Lyons, John Baynes, Susan Thorpe, Maria Lopes-Virella, Gabe Virella, Kristian Hanssen, Bente Kilhovd, David O’Neal, Kerry-Anne Rye, Philip Barter, Michael Davies, the DCCT/EDIC Research Group, Andrea Semler, and Connie Karschimkus.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Section of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 941 Stanton L. Young Blvd., BSEB 302F, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA

    Alicia J. Jenkins M.D., F.R.A.C.P.

  2. NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Alicia J. Jenkins M.D., F.R.A.C.P. & Andrzej S. Januszewski

  3. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Medical Genetics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA

    Richard L. Klein

  4. Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    Andrzej S. Januszewski

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  1. Alicia J. Jenkins M.D., F.R.A.C.P.
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Correspondence to Alicia J. Jenkins M.D., F.R.A.C.P. .

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  1. NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia

    Alicia J. Jenkins

  2. College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Peoria, Illinois, USA

    Peter P. Toth

  3. Section of Endocrinology and Diabetes Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA

    Timothy J. Lyons

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Jenkins, A.J., Klein, R.L., Januszewski, A.S. (2014). Lipoprotein Glycation in Diabetes Mellitus. In: Jenkins, A., Toth, P., Lyons, T. (eds) Lipoproteins in Diabetes Mellitus. Contemporary Diabetes. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7554-5_8

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