Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Mechanisms of Cell Growth and Tissue Repair

  • Chapter
Lung Development

Part of the book series: Clinical Physiology Series ((CLINPHY))

  • 232 Accesses

Abstract

Lung development and lung repair following injury require a complex series of controlled interactions involving genetic influences, hormonal stimulation, and cell-cell communication. These components regulate the process of cell replication resulting in appropriate lung growth as well as in the re-establishment of the normal architecture of the lung.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 119.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Adams, P.D. and W.G.J. Kaelin. Transcriptional control by E2F. Semin. Cancer Biol. 6: 83–90, 1995.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Almasan, A., Y. Yin, R.E. Kelly, E.Y.H.P. Lee, A. Bradley, W. Li, J.R. Bertino, and G.M. Wahl. Deficiency of retinoblastoma protein leads to inappropriate S-phase entry, acivation of E2F-responsive genes and apoptosis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. LISA 92: 5436–5440, 1995.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Beijersbergen, R.L. and R. Bernards. Cell cycle regulation by the retinoblastoma family of growth inhibitory proteins. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1287: 103–120, 1996.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Bellamy, C.O.C., R.D.G. Malcomson, D.J. Harrison, and A.H. Wylie. Cell death in health and disease: the biology and regulation of apoptosis. Semin. Cancer Biol. 6: 3–18, 1995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Bellusci, S., Y. Furuta, M.G. Rush, R. Henderson, G. Winnier, and B.L.M. Hogan. Involvement of sonic hedgehog (Shh) in mouse embryonic lung growth and morphogenesis. Development 124: 53–63, 1997.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Bellusci, S., R. Henderson, G. Winnier, T. Oikawa, and B.L.M. Hogan. Evidence from normal expression and targeted misexpression that bone morphogeneic protein-4 (Bmp-4) plays a role in mouse embryonic lung morphogenesis. Development 122: 1963–1702, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Bitgood, M.J. and A.P. McMahon. Hedgehog and Bmp genes are coexpressed at many diverse sites of cell-cell interaction in the mouse embryo. Dev. Biol. 172: 126–138, 1995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Bogue, C.W., I. Gross, H. Vasavada, D.W. Dynia, C.M. Wilson, and H.C. Jacobs. Identification of Hox genes in newborn lungs and effects of gestational age and retinoic acid on their expression. Am. J. Phsiol. (Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol.) 266: L448–454, 1994.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Bogue, C.W., L.J. Lou, H. Vasavada, C.M. Wilson, and H.C. Jacobs. Expression of Hoxb genes in the developing mouse foregut and lung. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 15: 163–171, 1996.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Boström, K. Willets, M. Pekny, P. Levéen, P. Lindhal, H. Hedstrand, M. Pekna, M. Hell-ström, S. Gebre-Medhin, M. Schalling, M. Nilsson, S. Kurland, J. Törnell, J.K. Heath, and C. Betscholtz. PDGF-A signaling is a critical event in lung alveolar myofibroblast development and alveogenesis. Cell 85: 863–873 1996.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Brody, J.S. and W.M. Thurlbeck. Development, growth and aging of the lung. In: Handbook of Physiology: Section 3: The Respiratory System, edited by A.P. Fishman, P.T. Macklem, and J. Mead. Bethesda, MD: American Physiological Society, 1986, p. 355–386.

    Google Scholar 

  12. lla. Buckley, S., K.C. Bui, M. Hussaini, and D. Warburton. Dynamics of TGF-ß3 peptide activity during rat alveolar epithelial cell proliferative recovery from acute hyperoxia. Am. J. Physiol. (Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol.) 271: L54 - L60, 1996.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Burri, P.H. The postnatal growth of the rat lung. I. Morphometry. Anat. Rec. 178: 711–730, 1974.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Burri, P.H. Postnatal growth of the rat lung. III. Morphology. Anat. Rec. 180: 77–98, 1974.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Burri, P.H. Development and growth of the human lung. In: Handbook of Physiology. Section 3: The Respiratory System, edited by A.P. Fishman and A.B. Fisher. Bethesda, MD: American Physiology Society, 1985, p. 1–47.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Burri, P. Structural aspects of pre-and postnatal development and growth of the lung. In: Growth and Development of the Lung, edited by J. McDonald. New York: Marcel Dekker, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Buttke, T. and P. Sandstrom. Oxidative stress as a mediator of apoptosis. Viewpoint 15: 7–10, 1994.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Cardoso, W.V. Transcription factors and pattern formation in the developing lung. Am. J. Physiol. (Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol.) 269: L429 - L442, 1995.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Cardoso, W.V., A. Itoh, H. Nogawa, I. Mason, and J.S. Brody. FGF-1 and FGF-7 induce distinct patterns of growth and differentiation in embryonic lung epithelium. Dev. Dyn. 208: 398–405, 1997.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Cardoso, W.V., S.A. Mitsialis, J.S. Brody and M.C. Williams. Retinoic acid alters the expression of pattern-related genes in the developing rat lung. Dev. Dyn. 207: 47–59, 1996.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Cardoso, W.V., M.C. Williams, S.A. Mitsialis, M. Joyce-Brady, A.K. Rishi, and J.S. Brody. Retinoic acid changes the pattern of airway branching and alters epithelial cell differentiation in the developing lung in vitro. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 12: 464–476, 1995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Cazals, V., B. Mouhieddine, B. Maitre, K. Chadelat, Y. Le Bouc, J.S Brody, and A. Clement. Insulin-like growth factors, their binding proteins and transforming growth factor-beta 1 in oxidant arrested lung alveolar epithelial cells. J. Biol. Chem. 269: 14111–14117, 1994.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Chandrasekaran, C., C.M. Coopersmith, and J.I. Gordon. Use of normal and transgenic mice to examine the relationship between terminal differentiation of intestinal epithelial cells and accumulation of their cell cycle regulators. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 28414–28421, 1996.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Chen, J., P. Saha, S. Kornbluth, B. Dynlacht, and A. Dutta. Cyclin-binding motifs are essential for the function of p21CIP1. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16: 4673–4682, 1996.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Clement, A. and B. Housset Free radicals and airways injury. In: Lung Biology in Health and Disease, edited by J. Chretien and D. Dusser. New York: 1996, p. 355–379.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Coats, S., M. Flanagan, J. Nourse, and J. Roberts. Requirement of p27/KIP1 for restriction point control of the fibroblast cell cycle. Science 272: 877–880, 1996.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Cobrinik, D., M. Lee, G. Hannon, G. Mulligan, N. Bronson, N. Dyson, E. Harlow, D. Beach, R. Weinberg, and T. Jacks. Shared role of the pRb-related p130 and p107 proteins in limb development. Genes Dev. 10: 1633–1644, 1996.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Corroyer, S., B. Maitre, V. Cazals, and A. Clement. Altered regulation of G1 cyclins in oxidant-inducet growth arrest of lung alveolar epithelial cells. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 2511725125, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Cox, L. and D. Lane. Tumour suppressors, kinases and clamps: how p53 regulates the cell cycle in response to DNA damage. BioEssays 17: 501–508, 1995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Datto, M., Y. Li, J. Panus, D. Howe, Y. Xiong, and X. Wang. Transforming growth factor 13 induces the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 through p53-independent mechanism. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92: 5545–5549, 1995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Datto, M., Y. Yu, and X. Wang. Functional analysis of the transforming growth factor B responsive elements in the WAF1/Cip1/p21 promoter. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 28623–28628, 1995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. D’Ercole, A.J. Insulin-like growth factors and their receptors in growth. Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. North Am. 25: 573–590, 1996.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Desal, D., H. Wessling, R. Fisher, and D. Morgan. Effects of phosphorylation by CAK on cycling binding by CDC2 and CDK2. Mol. Cell. Biol. 15: 345–350, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Edgar, B.A. and C.F. Lehner. Developmental control of cell cycle regulators: a fly’s perspective. Science 274: 1646–1652, 1996.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Elledge, S. Cell cycle checkpoints: preventing an identity crisis. Science 274: 1664–1672, 1996.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Enoch, T. and C. Norbury. Cellular responses to DNA damage: cell-cycle checkpoints, apoptosis and the roles of p53 and ATM. Trends Biochem. Sci. 20: 426–430, 1995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Field, S. J., F.Y. Tsai, F. Kuo, A.M. Zubiaga, J.W.G. Kaelin, S.H. Orkin, and M.E. Greenberg. E2F-1 functions in mice to promote apoptosis and suppress proliferation. Cell 85: 549–561, 1996.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Fine, A., N.L. Anderson, T.L. Rothstein, M.C. Williams and B.R. Gochuico. Fas expression in pulmonary alveolar type II cells. Am. J. Physiol. 273 (Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 17 ): L64 - L71, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  39. French, L.E., M. Hahne, I. Viard, G. Radlgruber, K. Zanone, K. Becker, C. Miller, and J. Tschopp. Fas and Fas ligand in embryos and adult mice ligand expression in several immune-priviledged tissues and co-expression in adult tissues characterized by apoptotic cell turnover. J. Cell Biol. 133: 355–343, 1996.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Friedlander, P., Y. Haupt, C. Prives, and M. Oren. A mutant p53 that discriminates between p53-responsive genes cannot induce apoptosis. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16: 4961–4971, 1996.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Gao, C. and P. Zelenka. Cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases and differentiation. BioEssays 19: 307–314, 1997.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Geng, Y. and R.A. Weinberg. Transforming growth factor-fl effects on expression of G1 cyclins and cyclin-dependent protein kinases. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90: 1031510319, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Gucev, Z., Y. Oh, K. Kelley, and R. Rosenfeld. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 mediates retinoic acid-and transforming growth factor 132-induced growth inhibition in human breast cancer cells. Cancer Res. 56: 1545–1550, 1996.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Halevy, O., B.G. Novitch, D.B. Spicer, S.X. Skapek, J. Rhee, et al. Correlation of terminal cell cycle arrest of skeletal muscle with induction of p21 by myoD. Science 267: 1018–1021, 1995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Haupt, Y., R. Maya, A. Kazaz, and M. Oren. MDM2 promotes the rapid degradation of p53. Nature 387: 296–303, 1997.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Hijmans, E.M., P.M. Voorhoeve, R.L. Beijersbergen, L.J. van Veer, and R. Bernards. E2F-5, a new E2F family member that interacts with p130 in vivo. Mol. Cell. Biol. 15: 3082–3089, 1995.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Hsu, Y., F. Tang, W. Liu, J. Chuang, M. Lai, and Y. Lin. Transcriptional regulation by p53. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 6966–6974, 1995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Hunter, T. Braking the cycle. Cell 75: 839–841, 1993.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Itoh, A., S. Levinson, T. Morita, S. Kourembanas, J.S. Brody, and S.A. Mitsialis. Structural characterization and specificity of expression of E2F-5; a new member of the E2F family of transcription factors. Cell. Mol. Biol. Res. 41: 147–154, 1995.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Jacks, T., A. Fazeli, E.M. Schmidt, R.T. Bronson, M.A. Goodell, and R. Weinberg. Effects of an Rb mutation in the mouse. Nature 359: 295–300, 1992.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Jacobson, M. Reactive oxygen species and programmed cell death. Trends Biochem. Sci. 21: 83–86, 1996.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Jacobson, M.D., M. Weil, and M.C. Raff. Programmed cell death in animal development. Cell 88: 347–354, 1997.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Jaques, G., K. Noll, B. Wegmann, S. Witten, E. Kogen, R. Radulescu, and K. Havemann. Nuclear localization of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 in a lung cancer cell line. Endocrinology 138: 1767–1770, 1997.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Jiang, Z., E. Zacksenhaus, B.L. Gallie, and R.A. Phillips. The retinoblastoma gene family is differentially expressed during embryogenesis. Oncogene 14: 1789–1797, 1997.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Johnson, R.L. and C. Tabin. The long and short of hedgehog signalling. Cell 81: 313–316, 1995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Jones, J.I. and D.R. Clemmons. Insuline-like growth factors and their binding proteins: biological actions. Endocr. Rev. 16: 3–34, 1995.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Jung, M., A. Kondratyev, S. Lee, A. Dimtchev, and A. Dristschilo. ATM gene product phosphorylates IkB-a. Cancer Res. 57: 24–27, 1997.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Kappen, C. Hox genes in the lung. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 15: 156–162, 1996.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Kastan, M. Signalling to P53: where does it all start? BioEssays 18: 617–619, 1996.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Kauffman, S.L., P.H. Burri, and E.R. Weibel. The postnatal growth of the rat lung II. Autoradiography. Anat. Rec. 180: 63–76, 1974.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Kelly, S.E., C.J. Bachurski, M.S. Burhans, and S.W. Glasser. Transcription of the lung-specific surfactant protein C gene is mediated by thyroid transcription factor 1. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 6881–6888, 1996.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Koff, A., M. Ohtsuki, K. Polyak, J.M. Roberts, and J. Massague. Negative regulation of G1 in mammalian cells: inhibition of cyclin-E dependent kinase by TGF-P. Science 260: 536–539, 1993.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Krumlauf, R. Hox genes in vertebrate development. Cell 78: 191–201, 1994.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Lalou, C., C. Cassarre, and M. Binoux. A proteolysis fragment of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein-3 that fails to bind IGEs inhibits the mitogenic effects of IGF-I and insulin. Endocrinology 137: 3206–3212, 1996.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Lee, M., B. Williams, G. Mulligan, S. Mukai, R. Bronson, N. Dyson, E. Harlow, and T. Jacks. Targeted disruption of p107; functional overlap between p107 and Rb. Genes Dev. 10: 1621–1632, 1996.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Lees, E. Cyclin dependent kinase regulation. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 7: 773–780, 1995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Levine, A. P53, the cellular gatekeeper for growth and division. Cell 88: 323–331, 1997.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Liu, Y., J. Martindale, M. Gorospe, and N. Holbrook. Regulation of p21 WAF1/CIP1 expression through mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Cancer Res. 56: 31–35, 1996.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Lukas, J., J. Bartkova, M. Rohde, M. Strauss, and J. Bartek. Cyclin D1 is dispensable for G1 control in retinoblastoma gene-deficient cells independently of cdk4 activity. Mol. Cell. Biol. 15: 2600–2611, 1995.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Macleod, K., N. Sherry, G. Hannon, D. Beach, T. Tokino, K. Kinzler, B. Vogelstein, and T. Jacks. p53-dependent and -independent expression of p21 during cell growth, differentiation, and DNA damage. Genes Dev. 9: 935–944, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  71. Magdaleno, S.M., G. Wang, V.L. Mireles, M.K. Ray, M.J. Finegold, and F.J. DeMayo. Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor expression in pulmonary Clara cells transformed with SV40 large T antigen in transgenic mice. Cell Growth Differ. 8: 145–155, 1997.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Maitre, B., A. Clement, M. Williams, and J. Brody. Expression of insulin-like growth factor receptors 1 and 2 in the developing lung and their relation to epithelial cell differentiation. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 13: 262–270, 1995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Massagué, J. TGF-(3 signaling: receptors, transducers, and mad proteins. Cell 85: 947–950, 1996.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Massaro, D., N. Teich, S. Maxwell, G.D. Massaro, and P. Whitney. Postnatal development of alveoli. Regulation and evidence for a critical period in rats. J. Clin. Invest. 76: 1297–1305, 1985.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Massaro, G.D. and D. Massaro. Postnatal treatment with retinoic acid increases the number of pulmonary alveoli in rats. Am. J. Physiol. 270 (Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 14): L305 - L310, 1996.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Mendelsohn, C., D. Lohnes, D. Decimo, T. Lufkin, M. LeMeur, P. Chambon, and M. Mazrk. Function of retinoic acid receptors (RARs) during lung development. (II) Multiple abnormalities at various stages of organogenesis in RAR double mutants. Development 120: 2749–2771, 1994.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Moats-Staats, B.M., W.A. Price, L. Xu, W. Jarvis, and A.D. Stiles. Regulation of the insulin-like growth factor system during normal rat lung development. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 12: 56–64, 1995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Moon, R.T., J.D. Brown, and M. Torres. WNTs modulate cell fate and behavior during vertebrate development. Trends Genet. 13: 157–162, 1997.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Moon, R.T., J.D. Brown, J.A. Yang-Snyder, and J.R. Miller. Structurally related receptors and antagonists compete for secreted Wnt signals. Cell 88: 725–728, 1997.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Morris, G., J. Bischoff, and M. Mathews. Transcriptional activation of the human proliferating-cell nuclear antigen promoter by p53. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93: 895–899, 1996.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Mouhieddine, O.B., V. Cazals, E. Kuto, Y. Le Bouc, and A. Clement. Glucocorticoidinduced growth arrest of lung alveolarepithelial cells is associated with increased production of insulin like growth factor binding protein-2. Endocrinology 137: 287–295, 1996.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Mouhieddine, O.B., V. Cazals, B. Maitre, K. Chadelat, Y. Le Bouc, and A.Clement. Insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II), type 2 IGF receptor and IGF-binding protein-2 gene expression in lung alveolar epithelial cells: relation to proliferation. Endocrinology 135: 83–91, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  83. Nagata, S. Apoptosis by death factor. Cell 88: 355–365, 1997.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Nakayama, K., N. Ishida, M. Shirane, A. Inomata, T. Inoue, N. Shishidol. Horii, D. Loth, and K. Nakayama. Mice lacking p27/KIP1 display increased body size, multiple organs hyperplasia, retinal dysplasia, and pituitary tumors. Cell 85: 707–720, 1996.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Nardell, E.A. and J.S. Brody. Determinants of mechanical properties of rat lung during postnatal development. J. Appl. Physiol. 53: 140–148, 1982.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Nasmyth, K. Viewpoint: putting the cell cycle in order. Science 274: 1643–1645, 1996.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Ohtsubo, M., A. Theodoras, J. Schumacher, J. Roberts, and M. Pagano. Human cyclin E, a nuclear protein essential for the G1-to-S phase transition. Mol. Cell. Biol. 15: 2612–2624, 1995.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Okamoto, A., W. Jiang, S. Kim, E. Spillare, G. Stoner, I. Weinstein, and C. Harris. Overexpression of human cyclin Dl reduces the transforming growth factor 13 (TGF-(3) type II receptor and growth inhibition by TGF-ß1 in immortalized human esophageal epithelial cell line. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91: 11576–11580, 1994.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Orsulic, S. and M. Peifer. Cell-cell signalling: wingless lands at last. Curr. Opin. Biol. 6: 1363–1667, 1996.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Perkett, E. Role of growth factors in lung repair and diseases. Curr. Opin. Pediatr. 7: 242–249, 1995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Peter, M. and I. Herskowitz. Joining the complex: cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitory proteins and the cell cycle. Cell 79: 181–184, 1994.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Peters, K.G., S. Werner, X. Liao, S. Wert, J. Whitsett, and L. Williams. Targeted expression of a dominant negative FGF receptor blockes branching morphogenesis and epithelial differentiation in the mouse lung. EMBO J. 13: 3296–3301, 1994.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Pines, J. The cell cycle kinases. Cancer Biol. 5: 305 313, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  94. Price, W. and A. Stiles. New insights into lung growth and development. Curr. Opin. Pediatr. 8: 202–208, 1996.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Radulescu, R. Nuclear localization signal in insulin-like growth factor-binding protein type 3. Trends Biochem. Sci. 19: 278, 1994.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Rajah, R., B. Valentinis, and P. Cohen. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding protein-3 induces apoptosis and mediates the effects of transforming growth factor-Bl on programmed cell death through a p53- and IGF-independent mechanism. J. Biol. Chem. 272: 12181–12188, 1997.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Ravnik, S.E., K. Rhee, and D.J. Wolgemuth. Distinct patterns of expression of the D-type cyclins during testicular development in the mouse. Dev. Genet. 16: 171–178, 1995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Rechler, M. Editorial: growth inhibition by insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein3-what’s IGF got to do with it? Endocrinology 138: 2645–2647, 1997.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Resnitzky, D., M. Gossen, H. Bujard, and S. Reed. Acceleration of the G1/S phase transition by expression of the cyclins Dl and E with an inducible system. Mol. Cell. Biol. 14: 1669–1679, 1994.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Resnitzky, D. and S. Reed. Different roles for cyclins D1 and E in regulation of the Glto-S transition. Mol. Cell. Biol. 15: 3463–3469, 1995.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Russo, T., N. Zambrano, F. Esposito, R. Ammendola, F. Ciminot, M. Fiscella, J. Jackman, P. O’Connor, C. Anderson, and E. Appella. A p53-independent pathway for activation of WAF/CIP1 expression following oxidative stress. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 29386–29391, 1995.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Sanchez, Y. and S. Elledge. Stopped for repairs. BioEssays 17: 545–548, 1995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Sandhu, C., J. Garbe, N. Bhattacharya, J. Daksis, C. Pan, P. Yaswen, J. Koh, J. Slingerland, and M. Stampfer. Transforming growth factor 13 stabilizes p15 INB4K protein, increases p15 INK4B complexes, and inhibits cyclin Dl-cdk4 association in human mammary epithelial cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 17: 2458–2467, 1997.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Schneider, J.W., W. Gu, L. Zhu, V. Mandavi, and B. Nadal-Ginard. Reversal of terminal differentiation mediated by p107 in Rb–muscle cells. Science 264: 1467–1470, 1994.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Sgambato, A., Y. Doki, I. Schieren, and I. Weinstein. Effects of cyclin E overexpression on cell growth and response to transforming growth factor B depend on cell context and p27Kipl expression. Cell Growth Differ. 8: 393–405, 1997.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. Sgambato, A., E. Han, P. Zhou, I. Schieren, and I. Weinstein. Overexpression of cyclin E in the HC11 mouse mammary epithelial cell line is associated with growth inhibition and increased expression of p27 Kipf. Cancer Res. 56: 1389–1399, 1996.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Sherr, C. Mammalian G1 cyclins. Cell 73: 1059–1065, 1993.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Sherr, C. Gl phase progression: cycling on cue. Cell 79: 551–555, 1994.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. Sherr, C. Cancer cell cycles. Science 274: 1672–1677, 1996.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. Simonet, W.S., M. DeRose, N. Bucay, H.Q. Nguyen, S. Wert, L. Zhou, T.R. Ulrich, D.M. Danienko, and J.A. Whitsett. Pulmonary malformation in transgenic mice expressing human keratinocyte growth factor in the lung. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92: 124611 2465, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  111. Smith, L.J. and J.S. Brody. Influence of methylprednisolone on mouse alveolar type 2 cell response to acute lung injury. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 123: 459–464, 1981.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Steller, H. Mechanisms and genes of cellular suicide. Science 267: 1445–1448, 1995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. Taya, Y., RB kinases and RB-binding proteins: new points of view. Trends Biochem. Sci. 22: 14–17, 1997.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. Thurlbeck, W.M. Postnatal growth and development of the lung. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 111: 803–844, 1975.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. Wang, J., K. Guo, K.N. Wills, and K. Walsh. Rb functions to inhibit apoptosis during myocyte differentiation. Cancer Res. 57: 351–354, 1997.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. Weinberg, R.A. The retinoblastoma protein and cell cycle control. Cell 81: 323–330, 1995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. Wikenheiser, K.A., J.C. Clark, R.I. Linnoila, M.T. Stahlman, and J.A. Whitsett. Simian virus 40 large T antigen directed by transcriptional elements of the human surfactant protein C gene produces pulmonary adenocarcinomas in transgenic mice. Cancer Res. 52: 5342–5352, 1992.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. Woo, M., I. Sanchez, and B. Dynlacht. P130 and p107 use a conserved domain to inhibit cellular cyclin-dependent kinase activity. Mol. Cell. Biol. 17: 3566–3579, 1997.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. Wu, H., M. Wade, L. Krall, J. Grisham, Y. Xiong, and T. Dyke. Targeted in vivo expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 halts hepatocyte cell-cycle progression, postnatal liver development and regeneration. Genes Dev. 10: 245–260, 1995.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  120. Yamasaki, L., T. Jacks, R. Bronson, E. Goillot, E. Harlow, and N.J. Dyson. Tumor induction and tissue atrophy in mice lacking E2F-1. Cell 85: 537–548, 1996.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  121. Yamasaki, M., A. Miyake, S. Tagashira, and N. Itoh. Structure and expression of the rat mRNA encoding a novel member of the fibroblast growth factor family. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 15918–15921, 1996.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  122. Ye, H. T.F. Kelly, U. Samandi, L. Lim, S. Rubio, D.G. Overdier, K.A. Roebuck, and R.H. Costa. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 3/forkhead homolog 11 is expressed in proliferating epithelial and mesenchymal cells of embryonic and adult tissues. Mol. Cell. Biol. 17: 1626–1641, 1997.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  123. Zeng, Y. and W. El-Deiry. Regulation of p21WAF1/CIP1 expression by p53-independent pathways. Onco gene 12: 1557–1564, 1996.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. Zetterberg, A., O. Larsson, and K. Wiman. What is the restriction point ? Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 7: 835–842, 1995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  125. Zhan, Q., F. Carrier, and A. Fornace. Induction of cellular p53 activity by DNA-damaging agents and growth arrest. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13: 4242–4250, 1993.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  126. Zhang, L., F. Kashanchi, Q. Zhan, S. Zhan, J. Brady, A. Fornace, P. Seth, and L. Helman. Regulation of insulin-like growth factor II P3 promoter by p53: a potential mechanism for tumorigenesis. Cancer Res. 56: 1367–1373, 1996.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Annick Clement
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jerome S. Brody
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Service de Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles, Hôpital Robert Debré, Université Paris 7, Paris, France

    Claude Gaultier

  2. INSERM Unité 319, Université Denis Diderot-Paris 7, Paris, France

    Jacques R. Bourbon

  3. The Medical Research Council Group in Lung Development, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

    Martin Post

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1999 American Physiological Society

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Clement, A., Brody, J.S. (1999). Mechanisms of Cell Growth and Tissue Repair. In: Gaultier, C., Bourbon, J.R., Post, M. (eds) Lung Development. Clinical Physiology Series. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7537-8_10

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7537-8_10

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-7537-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation