Abstract
Ultrasound allows both the detection of the primary lesion in skin cancer and the performance of an adequate locoregional staging. The pre-surgical use of ultrasound can support the decrease of recurrences and improve the cosmetic prognosis of the patient. An introduction to the use of diagnostic ultrasound in skin cancer is performed in this chapter. Sonographic key signs of the most common types of malignant tumors are also provided.
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Glossary
- Color Doppler Ultrasound
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is a imaging technique which allows to visualize bloodflow. Using a Doppler effect, the US transducer detects pith changes found in vessels. A color value is assigned whether blood is moving forward or away from the transducer. In addition, color intensity will depend on the velocity of flow
- HFUS
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High Frequency Ultrasound
- Hyperechoic
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refers to an area that appears white. In skin malignant tumors, hyperechoic spots have been described inside basal cell carcinomas
- Hypoechoic
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refers to an area that appears darker than the adjacent tissue. Skin malignant tumors (Basal and squamous cell carcinomas; melanomas) appear hipoechoic
- Spectral curve analysis of blood flow
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is a tool that utilizes time, frequency, velocity and doppler signal power to give information on the blood flow. Vascular scattering can be represented as spectral wave velocity depending on time (velocity/time curve), or as dual-scale color mapping depending on the changes in average blood velocity. The flow-in is depicted in red and the flow-out in blue
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Wortsman, X. (2014). Introduction to Ultrasonography in Skin Cancer. In: Baldi, A., Pasquali, P., Spugnini, E. (eds) Skin Cancer. Current Clinical Pathology. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7357-2_14
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7357-2_14
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