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Metabolic Syndrome as a Risk Factor for Stroke

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Metabolic Syndrome

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Abstract

MetS is closely associated with the pathogenesis of heart disease and stroke. Acquired risk factors for MetS and stroke include central adiposity and physical inactivity, both of which can elicit insulin resistance. At the molecular level, insulin resistance is accompanied by increase in triglycerides, saturated fatty acids, and ceramide leading to ROS and AGE generation, low-grade inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. Inflammation is a key pathogenic component of atherosclerosis. It promotes thrombosis, a process that is closely associated with the pathogenesis of stroke. Neurochemical changes in stroke include energy failure, free fatty acid release, ROS production, increase in expression of proinflammatory cytokines, alterations in calcium homeostasis, and activation of proteases, phospholipases, nitric oxide synthases, and protein kinases. It is proposed that interactions among adipokines, insulin signaling, endothelial cell dysfunction, and platelet aggregation in MetS and stroke along with alterations in the expression of transcription factors may play a crucial role in the vascular damage closely associated with the pathogenesis of MetS and stroke.

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  1. Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA

    Akhlaq A. Farooqui

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Farooqui, A.A. (2013). Metabolic Syndrome as a Risk Factor for Stroke. In: Metabolic Syndrome. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7318-3_7

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