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An Overview of Omics for Wheat Grain Quality Improvement

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Crop Improvement

Abstract

Cereal grain quality aspects are integral aspects of a complex food chain, which assimilate outputs achievable by breeding, production and processing. In order to get better economic gains and be internationally competitive in diverse market scenarios, it is paramount to breed wheat cultivars with better grain quality. Higher grain quality demands are exponentially increasing due to novel processing technologies, environmental changes and change in consumer preferences due to striking demographic shifts. Advances in the genomic arena of grain quality are considered crucial for defining genes and their networks underpinning functional flour qualities. The complexities associated with the genes underlying these traits can be resolved by elucidating functional and comparative genomics information of relevant genes and the efficient transfer of such information across cultivars. Wheat, due to wider consumption as a staple food, has been a subject of intensive cytogenetic investigations which are now extended further in the genomics era using powerful tools of molecular biology and new genetic stocks. The recent progress in wheat genomics research particularly the use of molecular markers for a variety of purposes and advances in map based positional cloning of several genes has been remarkable. As a result we have been able to better understand the wheat genome and the mechanisms involved in the function of different quality encoding genes. Additionally, we have also utilized information generated from genomics research in producing better quality grains. The advances in the genomics of quality presented in this chapter provide ample information to the underlying gene networks controlling quality traits thereby addressing the challenges of the brisk changes prevalent within the wheat based food systems. Aiding the exploitation of novel genome diversity for quality value addition, research has benefitted from the unique germplasm resource generated by synthesizing wheat from genomic/allelic variability residing in the wheat progenitor accessional resource. These under-utilized diploid wheat progenitor accessions are a promising conduit to wheat productivity enhancement and the novel genomic resource contributing to wheat quality as elucidated here.

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  1. Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan

    Awais Rasheed & Tariq Mahmood

  2. Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan

    Alvina Gul-Kazi

  3. National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Abdul Mujeeb-Kazi

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  1. , Faculty of Forestry, University Putra Malaysia, Darul Ehsan, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia

    Khalid Rehman Hakeem

  2. A.S. College, Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190008, India

    Parvaiz Ahmad

  3. , Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, n/a, Selangor, 35100, Malaysia

    Munir Ozturk

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Rasheed, A., Mahmood, T., Gul-Kazi, A., Mujeeb-Kazi, A. (2013). An Overview of Omics for Wheat Grain Quality Improvement. In: Hakeem, K., Ahmad, P., Ozturk, M. (eds) Crop Improvement. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7028-1_10

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