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Assessing Bioavailability of Hydrophobic Organic Compounds and Metals in Sediments Using Freely Available Porewater Concentrations

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Processes, Assessment and Remediation of Contaminated Sediments

Part of the book series: SERDP ESTCP Environmental Remediation Technology ((SERDP/ESTCP,volume 6))

Abstract

Sediments are the ultimate sinks for most hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) and metals in aqueous systems. These contaminants can then pose a long-term risk to organisms that dwell or interact with the sediments or to higher organisms through the food chain. The starting point for the assessment of sediment toxicity or effects is bulk contaminant concentrations normalized by sediment mass (Chapman et al., 1999). The values are relatively easy to obtain and are useful as an initial screening tool to assess contamination. These values do not take into account important properties of the sediment, such as the concentration of sulfides, iron oxides, and organic contents, which greatly affect metals availability in sediments, or organic sequestering phases, which can reduce organic chemical availability. Hence, the toxic level of contaminants derived from bulk sediment loading has been proven to vary significantly among different sediments (Di Toro et al., 1990; Chapman et al., 1999).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. AnchorQEA, Austin, TX, 78746, USA

    Xiaoxia X. Lu

  2. Daegu University, Jillyang, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 702-714, South Korea

    Yongseok Hong

  3. The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78746, USA

    Danny D. Reible

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  1. Xiaoxia X. Lu
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  1. Environmental and Water Resources Engine, Department of Civil, Architectural and E, University of Texas at Austin, E. Dean Keeton 301, Austin, 78705, Texas, USA

    Danny D. Reible

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Lu, X.X., Hong, Y., Reible, D.D. (2014). Assessing Bioavailability of Hydrophobic Organic Compounds and Metals in Sediments Using Freely Available Porewater Concentrations. In: Reible, D. (eds) Processes, Assessment and Remediation of Contaminated Sediments. SERDP ESTCP Environmental Remediation Technology, vol 6. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6726-7_7

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